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MEDICAL TOURISM COMPETITION: THE CASE OF TURKEY

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 42 - 58, 25.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.31201/ijhmt.372364

Abstract

Productivity differences between countries lead to gain trade. According to the Heckscher-Ohlin model, differences in labor skills and physical capital between countries cause productive differences and then increases competitive power. In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the medical services market and related international trade in the world. Turkey is one of the countries with high competitiveness in this market and wants to increase the market volume.Because it has relatively better service quality, the well-equipped hospitals, geographical location and large comparative cost advantage. The aim of this paper is to examine Turkey’s competitiveness as a popular health care destination in the world.

               
The health sector is a very important sector for developing countries, in terms of both income and employment. It includes many sub-sectors such as hospitals, medical devices, clinical trials. Also, beach tourism and natural resources are important in terms of income and employment but have seasonality problem. In order to the sustainable of the tourism sector,  health tourism is crucial.
Turkey aims to increase tourism revenues by differentiating service diversity especially in health tourism areas.
With its natural resources, qualified human power and geographical position, Turkey has an important competitive power in health tourism.

References

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  • Gupta, S.D. ( 2009). Comperative Advantage and Competitive Advantage: An Economics Perspective and a Synthesis, Internet adress; https://economics.ca//2009/papers/0534.pdf , Date of Access: 31-10-2017.
  • Hall, C. M. (2011). Health and medical tourism: a kill or cure for global public health?, Tourism Review, Vol. 66 Issue: 1/2, pp.4-15, Internet adress; https://doi.org/10.1108/16605371111127198, Date of Access: 13.06.2017.
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  • International Trade Centre (ITC),(2014). Medical and Wellness Touism: Lessons from Asia, Geneva. Internet adress: http://www.intracen.org/uploadedFiles/intracenorg/Content/Publications/Medical%20and%20wellness%20Tourism%20-%20lessons%20from%20Asia_L.pdf, Date of Access: 15.06.2017.
  • Kumar, G. S. And R. K. Raj. (October 2015). Status, Growth and Impact of Medical Tourism in India, Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 34(1), Article No. 46, pp: 284-291.
  • Mainil, T., E. Eijgelaar, J. Klijs, J. Nawijn and P. Peeters. (2017). Research for TRAN Committee-Health tourism in the EU: a general investigation, European Parliament, Policy Depertment for Structural and Cohesion Policies, Brussels.
  • Milicevic, S. and D. Jovanovic (2015). Wellness Tourism-Competitive Basis of European Health Tourism Destination, DIEM: Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting, 2(1), pp: 851-863.
  • Mutlu, Ö. (2016). A SWOT-AHP Approach for Assessment of Medical Tourism Sector in Turkey, aplhanumeric journal, The Journal of Operations Research, Statistics, Econometrics and Managemenet Information Systems, Volume 4, Issue 2.
  • Piazolo, M. and Zanca, N.A. (2011). Medical Tourism-A Case Study for the USA and India, Germany and Hungary, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, 8(1), pp: 136-160. Internet Adress; https://www.uni-obuda.hu/journal/Piazolo_Zanca_27.pdf , Date of Access: 15.06.2017. Ramirez de Arellano, A. B. (2007). Patients without borders: the emergence of medical tourism. International Journal of Health Services, 37(1), 193-198.
  • Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Development (2014) The Tenth Development Plan 2014– 2018. Ankara.
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  • Saleh, S.A., Hussain, F.,Saund, M.B.B., and Isa, M. A. MD, (April 18-19, 2015) Strategic Marketing & Competitive Analysis of Malaysian Medical Tourism Industry, Proceeding-Kuala Lumpur International Business, Economics and Law Conference 6, Vol.2. Kuala Lumper, Malaysia.
  • Smith, P.C. and Forgione, D.A. (2007) Global Outsourcing of Healthcare: A Medical Tourism Decision Model, Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research, 9(3), pp 19-30. Internet adress; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228053.2007.10856117, Date of Access: 06.08.2017.
  • Sundar, I. (2012). Medical Tourism Competition and Comperative Advantaes: The Case of India, International Conference on Arts, Economics and Literature, December 14-15, Singapure.
  • Technofunc, Healtcare Industry, Internet adress; http://www.technofunc.com/index.php/domain-knowledge-2/healthcare-industry, Date of Access: 10-12-2017
  • Tuominen, T., D. Binder, D. Dvorak, C. Husak, K. Illing, S. Lange, L. Plzakova, S Saari and R. Schmidt. Developing a Competitive Health and Well-being Destination, Internet adress; http://julkaisut.turkuamk.fi/isbn9789522165404.pdf, Date of Access: 24.08.2017.
  • Turner, L. (2010). Medical tourism" and the global marketplace in health services: U.S. patients, international hospitals, and the search for affordable health care, Int J Health Serv. 40(3) pp.443-67.
  • Upadhyay, P. (2011) Comperative and Competitive Advantages of Globalised India as a Medical Tourism Destination, International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences, Vol. 2(1), 26-34.
  • Vellas, F. (25 October 2011) The Indirect impact of tourism: an economic analysis, Third Meeting of T20 Tourism Ministers Paris, France. Internet adress; http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/111020-rapport_vellas_en.pdf, Date of Access: 06.08.2017.
  • World Economic Form, (2017a) Internet adress; https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-travel-tourism-competitiveness-report-2017, Date of Access: 12.06.2017.
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  • Zhang, J., and C. Jensen. (January 2007) Comparative advantage: Explaining Tourism Flows , Annals of Tourism Research, 34(1), pp:223-243.
  • http://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/462,saglikturizmiingwebpdf.pdf, Date of Access:10.07.2017.
  • https://drprem.com/medical-tourism/6-eye-treatments-that-are-popular-with-medical-tourists-around-the-world, Date of Access:10.07.2017.
  • https://www.health-tourism.com/turkey-medical-tourism// Date of Access: 03.10.2017.
  • http://www.medicaltourism.com/blog/economic-benefits-of-medical-tourism/:, Date of Access:10.07.2017.
  • http://www.medicaltourism.com/blog/turkey-fast-becoming-a-medical-tourism-destination-of-the-world/). Date of Access:10.07.2017.
  • https://www.medicaltourismco.com/medical-tourism-in-turkey/ Date of Access: 03-10-2017.
  • https://patientsbeyondborders.com/turkey Date of Access: 06-10-2107.
  • https://yellali.com/news/article/488/turkey-eyes-7-5b-in-healthcare-tourism-next-year Date of Access: 03.10.2017
  • https://www2.deloitte.com/global/en/pages/life-sciences-and-healthcare/articles/global-health-care-sector-outlook.html, Date of Access:10.07.2017.
Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 42 - 58, 25.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.31201/ijhmt.372364

Abstract

References

  • Anadoly Agency, Internet adress; http://aa.com.tr/en/turkey/turkey-sees-surge-in-medical-tourism/61694?amp=1, Date of Access: 05.05.2017. Anadoly Agency, Internet adress; http://aa.com.tr/en/health/turkish-surgeon-promises-good-looks-to-foreign-clients/819104, Date of Access: 10-05-2017.
  • Baukute, G. (2012). Medical Tourism: The Analsis of Positive Aspects of Establishing Medical Tourism Sector in Lithuania, Public Policy Master’s Theses, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Cernikovaite, M. E. and M. J. Mameniskis (2015). Medical Tourists’ Expectations When Choosing Lithuania for Health Care Services, Socail Transformations in Contemporary Sociery, Internet Address: http://stics.mruni.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/STICS_2015_3_24-39.pdf, Date of Access: 12.06.2017.
  • Darvidou, K. Internet adress; http://dspace.tneu.edu.ua/bitstream/316497/16872/1/43-46.pdf, Date of Access; 12.06.2017.
  • Forgione, D. A., & Smith, P. C. (2007). Medical tourism and its impact on the US health care system. Journal of Health Care Finance, 34(1), 27 - 35.
  • Gupta, S.D. ( 2009). Comperative Advantage and Competitive Advantage: An Economics Perspective and a Synthesis, Internet adress; https://economics.ca//2009/papers/0534.pdf , Date of Access: 31-10-2017.
  • Hall, C. M. (2011). Health and medical tourism: a kill or cure for global public health?, Tourism Review, Vol. 66 Issue: 1/2, pp.4-15, Internet adress; https://doi.org/10.1108/16605371111127198, Date of Access: 13.06.2017.
  • Hürriyet Daily News, Internet adress; http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-sees-rise-in-medical-tourism---.aspx?pageID=238&nID=80466&NewsCatID=349, Date of Access: 13/07/2017.
  • Hürriyet Daily News, Internet adress; http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-among-top-10-medical-tourism-spots--85370, Date of Access:11/07/2017.
  • Hürriyet Daily News, Internet adress; http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-eyes-5-billion-from-health-tourists-annually-amid-tourism-woes-.aspx?pageID=238&nID=97034&NewsCatID=349, Date of Access:10/07/2017.
  • International Trade Centre (ITC),(2014). Medical and Wellness Touism: Lessons from Asia, Geneva. Internet adress: http://www.intracen.org/uploadedFiles/intracenorg/Content/Publications/Medical%20and%20wellness%20Tourism%20-%20lessons%20from%20Asia_L.pdf, Date of Access: 15.06.2017.
  • Kumar, G. S. And R. K. Raj. (October 2015). Status, Growth and Impact of Medical Tourism in India, Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 34(1), Article No. 46, pp: 284-291.
  • Mainil, T., E. Eijgelaar, J. Klijs, J. Nawijn and P. Peeters. (2017). Research for TRAN Committee-Health tourism in the EU: a general investigation, European Parliament, Policy Depertment for Structural and Cohesion Policies, Brussels.
  • Milicevic, S. and D. Jovanovic (2015). Wellness Tourism-Competitive Basis of European Health Tourism Destination, DIEM: Dubrovnik International Economic Meeting, 2(1), pp: 851-863.
  • Mutlu, Ö. (2016). A SWOT-AHP Approach for Assessment of Medical Tourism Sector in Turkey, aplhanumeric journal, The Journal of Operations Research, Statistics, Econometrics and Managemenet Information Systems, Volume 4, Issue 2.
  • Piazolo, M. and Zanca, N.A. (2011). Medical Tourism-A Case Study for the USA and India, Germany and Hungary, Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, 8(1), pp: 136-160. Internet Adress; https://www.uni-obuda.hu/journal/Piazolo_Zanca_27.pdf , Date of Access: 15.06.2017. Ramirez de Arellano, A. B. (2007). Patients without borders: the emergence of medical tourism. International Journal of Health Services, 37(1), 193-198.
  • Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Development (2014) The Tenth Development Plan 2014– 2018. Ankara.
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, (2012) Definitions and Descriptions Regarding Health Tourism, Internet adress; http://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/462,saglikturizmiingwebpdf.pdf, Date of Access: 06.08.2017.
  • Saleh, S.A., Hussain, F.,Saund, M.B.B., and Isa, M. A. MD, (April 18-19, 2015) Strategic Marketing & Competitive Analysis of Malaysian Medical Tourism Industry, Proceeding-Kuala Lumpur International Business, Economics and Law Conference 6, Vol.2. Kuala Lumper, Malaysia.
  • Smith, P.C. and Forgione, D.A. (2007) Global Outsourcing of Healthcare: A Medical Tourism Decision Model, Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research, 9(3), pp 19-30. Internet adress; http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228053.2007.10856117, Date of Access: 06.08.2017.
  • Sundar, I. (2012). Medical Tourism Competition and Comperative Advantaes: The Case of India, International Conference on Arts, Economics and Literature, December 14-15, Singapure.
  • Technofunc, Healtcare Industry, Internet adress; http://www.technofunc.com/index.php/domain-knowledge-2/healthcare-industry, Date of Access: 10-12-2017
  • Tuominen, T., D. Binder, D. Dvorak, C. Husak, K. Illing, S. Lange, L. Plzakova, S Saari and R. Schmidt. Developing a Competitive Health and Well-being Destination, Internet adress; http://julkaisut.turkuamk.fi/isbn9789522165404.pdf, Date of Access: 24.08.2017.
  • Turner, L. (2010). Medical tourism" and the global marketplace in health services: U.S. patients, international hospitals, and the search for affordable health care, Int J Health Serv. 40(3) pp.443-67.
  • Upadhyay, P. (2011) Comperative and Competitive Advantages of Globalised India as a Medical Tourism Destination, International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences, Vol. 2(1), 26-34.
  • Vellas, F. (25 October 2011) The Indirect impact of tourism: an economic analysis, Third Meeting of T20 Tourism Ministers Paris, France. Internet adress; http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/111020-rapport_vellas_en.pdf, Date of Access: 06.08.2017.
  • World Economic Form, (2017a) Internet adress; https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-travel-tourism-competitiveness-report-2017, Date of Access: 12.06.2017.
  • World Economic Form (2017b) , Internet adress: reports.weforum.org/travel-and-tourism- competitiveness-report-2017/country-profiles/#economy=IND, Date of Access: 12.06.2017. World Travel&Tourism Council, Travel&Tourism Economic Impact 2017 Turkey, Internet adress; https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/countries- 2017/turkey2017.pdf ., Date of Access: 12.06.2017.
  • Zhang, J., and C. Jensen. (January 2007) Comparative advantage: Explaining Tourism Flows , Annals of Tourism Research, 34(1), pp:223-243.
  • http://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/462,saglikturizmiingwebpdf.pdf, Date of Access:10.07.2017.
  • https://drprem.com/medical-tourism/6-eye-treatments-that-are-popular-with-medical-tourists-around-the-world, Date of Access:10.07.2017.
  • https://www.health-tourism.com/turkey-medical-tourism// Date of Access: 03.10.2017.
  • http://www.medicaltourism.com/blog/economic-benefits-of-medical-tourism/:, Date of Access:10.07.2017.
  • http://www.medicaltourism.com/blog/turkey-fast-becoming-a-medical-tourism-destination-of-the-world/). Date of Access:10.07.2017.
  • https://www.medicaltourismco.com/medical-tourism-in-turkey/ Date of Access: 03-10-2017.
  • https://patientsbeyondborders.com/turkey Date of Access: 06-10-2107.
  • https://yellali.com/news/article/488/turkey-eyes-7-5b-in-healthcare-tourism-next-year Date of Access: 03.10.2017
  • https://www2.deloitte.com/global/en/pages/life-sciences-and-healthcare/articles/global-health-care-sector-outlook.html, Date of Access:10.07.2017.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emine Kılavuz

Publication Date April 25, 2018
Submission Date December 28, 2017
Acceptance Date April 11, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kılavuz, E. (2018). MEDICAL TOURISM COMPETITION: THE CASE OF TURKEY. International Journal of Health Management and Tourism, 3(1), 42-58. https://doi.org/10.31201/ijhmt.372364

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