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Enerji hasadı yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran yeniden oluşturulabilen bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması

Year 2021, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 173 - 186, 04.04.2021

Elif Haytaoğlu Ömer Güleç Mustafa Tosun

Abstract

Telsiz duyarga ağları sağlık, ziraat, güvenlik ve eğlence gibi çeşitli alanlarda fayda sağlamaktadır. Bu ağları oluşturan düğümlerin enerji kaynaklarının kısıtlı olmasından dolayı enerjilerini etkin bir şekilde kullanmaya yönelik çeşitli çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda genel olarak, düğümlerin nöbetleşe sıra ile çalışması ya da sistemde enerji etkin bir iletişim omurgası kullanılması üzerinde durulmuştur. Telsiz duyarga ağlarında iletişim omurgası olarak genellikle bağlı baskın kümeler kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca, kendi enerjisini üreten düğümlerin de telsiz duyarga ağı sistemlerinde kullanılarak bu sistemlerin yaşam süresinin arttırılması literatürdeki bazı çalışmalarda düşünülmüştür. Bu çalışmada telsiz duyarga sistemlerinin en büyük problemlerinden olan enerji sorunu incelenerek güneş panellerinden kendi enerjisini üretebilen ve üretemeyen düğümlerin olduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam sürelerinin arttırılması için yeniden kullanılabilen yeni bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması önerilmiştir. Bir düğümde veya düğümlerin bazılarında enerji tükenmesi gerçekleştiğinde belirli bir miktar beklenerek, çalışan düğümlerde bir kopma gerçekleşmemişse önerilen algoritma tekrar çalıştırılmaktadır. Önerilen algoritma, telsiz duyarga ağ alanında sıklıkla kullanılan Cooja tabanlı SensEH benzetim ortamında uygulanmıştır. Önerilen algoritma ve rakip algoritma oluşturulan bağlı baskın kümelerin kullanıldığı sistemlerdeki yaşam süreleri ile algoritmaların zaman ve enerji tüketim maliyeti kapsamlı benzetim analizleri ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre önerilen algoritmanın toplam yaşam süresini rakip algoritmaya göre yaklaşık olarak iki katına çıkartabildiği görülmüştür.

Keywords

Telsiz duyarga ağları Bağlı baskın küme Enerji hasadı

References

  • [1] Diaz SE, Perez JC , Mateos AC, Marinescu MC, Guerra BB. “A novel methodology for the monitoring of the agricultural production process based on wireless sensor networks”. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(2), 252-265, 2011.
  • [2] Meda NS, Sadashiva TG, Ramani SK, Iyengar S. “Mobile WSN testbed for agriculture: Plant monitoring system”. The Second International Conference on Emerging Computation and Information Technologies, Tumakuru, India, 15-16 December 2017.
  • [3] Caicedo-Ortiz JG, De-La-Hoz-Franco E, Ortega RM, Pineres-Espitia G, Combita-Nino H, Estevez F, Cama-Pinto A. “Monitoring system for agronomic variables based in wsn technology on cassava crops”. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 145, 275-281, 2018.
  • [4] Bhattacharjee S, Roy P, Ghosh S, Misra S, Obaidat MS. “Wireless sensor network-based fire detection, alarming, monitoring and prevention system for Bord-and-Pillar coal mines”. Journal of Systems and Software, 85(3), 571-581, 2012.
  • [5] Alphonsa A, Ravi G. "Earthquake early warning system by IOT using Wireless sensor networks". International Conference on Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking, Chennai, India, 23-25 March 2016.
  • [6] Zhou G, Yi T, Zhang H, Li H. “Energy-aware wireless sensor placement in structural health monitoring using hybrid discrete firefly algorithm”. Structural Control And Health Monitoring, 22(4), 648-666, 2014.
  • [7] Kalamani N, Aravind PD, Bala SM, Deepika. A, Gopala KK. “Health monitoring and control system using wireless sensor networks”. International Journal of Recent Trends In Engineering and Research, 2018. doi: http://10.23883/IJRTER.CONF.02180328.022.Y0DIX.
  • [8] MEMSIC Company. “TelosB Datasheet”. http://www.memsic.com/userfiles/files/Datasheets/WSN/telosb_datasheet.pdf, (01.10.2019).
  • [9] Chen Q, Cheng S, Gao H, Li J, Cai Z. “Energy-Efficient algorithm for multicasting in duty-cycled sensor networks”. Sensors, 15(12), 31224-31243, 2015.
  • [10] Tosun M, Haytaoglu E. “A new distributed weighted connected dominating set algorithm for WSN”. IEEE 8th International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Berlin, Germany, 2-5 September 2018.
  • [11] Tosun M, Haytaoglu E, Gulec O. “A minimal weight and routing cost connected dominating set algorithm for wireless sensor networks”. IEEE 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference, İzmir, Turkey, 2-5 May 2018.
  • [12] Mohanty JP, Mandal C, Reade C. "Distributed construction of minimum connected dominating set in wireless sensor network using two-hop information". Computer Networks, 123, 137-152, 2017
  • [13] Dagdeviren O, Erciyes K, Tse S."Semi-asynchronous and distributed weighted connected dominating set algorithms for wireless sensor networks". Computer Standards Interfaces, 42, 143-156, 2015.
  • [14] Shi W, Liu W, Wang T, Zeng Z, Zhi G. "Adding duty cycle only in connected dominating sets for energy efficient and fast data collection". IEEE Access, 7(2019), 120475-120499, 2019.
  • [15] Kansal A, Srivastava MB. “An Environmental energy harvesting framework for sensor networks”. ACM International Symposium, Low Power Electronics and Design, Seoul, Korea, 27-27 August 2003.
  • [16] Alippi C, Galperti C. “An adaptive system for optimal solar energy harvesting in wireless sensor network nodes”. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 55(6), 1742-1750, 2008.
  • [17] Clark BN, Colbourn CJ, Johnson D. “Unit disk graphs”. Discrete Math, 86(1), 165-177, 1990.
  • [18] Shi T, Cheng S, Cai Z, Li Y, Li J. "Exploring connected dominating sets in energy harvest networks". IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 25(3), 1803-1817, 2017.
  • [19] Dall'Ora R, Raza U, Brunelli D, Picco GP. "SensEH: From simulation to deployment of energy harvesting wireless sensor networks". The Thirty Ninth Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks Workshops, Edmonton, Canada, 8-11 September 2014.
  • [20] Winkler M, Tuchs K, Hughes K, Barclay G. “Theoretical and practical aspects of military wireless sensor networks”. Journal of Telecommunication Information Technology, 2008(2), 37-45, 2008.
  • [21] Durisic MP, Tafa Z, Dimic G, Milutinovic V. “A survey of military applications of wireless sensor networks”. Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing, Bar, Montenegro, 19-21 June 2012.
  • [22] Corchado JM, Bajo J, Tapia DI, Abraham, A. “Using heterogeneous wireless sensor networks in a telemonitoring system for healthcare”. IEEE Transactions Information Technology in Biomedicine, 14(2), 234-240, 2009.
  • [23] Lee GX, Low KS, Taher, T. “Unrestrained measurement of arm motion based on a wearable wireless sensor network”. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 59(5), 1309-1317, 2010.
  • [24] Ephremides A, Wieselthier JE, Baker DJ. “A design concept for reliable mobile radio networks with frequency hopping signaling”. Proceedings of IEEE, 75(1), 56-73, 1987.
  • [25] Cardei M, Cheng MX, Cheng X, Du DZ. “Connected domination in multihop ad hoc wireless networks”. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer Science and Informatics, North Carolina, United States of America, 8-14 March 2002.
  • [26] Alzoubi KM, Wan PJ, Frieder O. "New distributed algorithm for connected dominating set in wireless ad hoc networks". Thirty Fifth Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Big Island, United States of America, 10 January 2002.
  • [27] Luo C, Yu J, Li D, Chen H, Hong Y, Ni L. “Novel Distributed algorithm for constructing virtual backbones in wireless sensor networks”. Computer Networks, 146, 104-114, 2018.
  • [28] Wu J, Li H. “A dominating-set-based routing scheme in ad hoc wireless networks”. Telecommunication Systems, 3(1999), 63-84, 1999.
  • [29] Dai, F, Wu, J. “An extended localized algorithm for connected dominating set formation in ad hoc wireless networks”. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 15(10), 908-920, 2004.
  • [30] Ding L, Wu W, Willson J, Du H, Lee W, Du DZ. “Efficient algorithms for topology control problem with routing cost constraints in wireless networks”. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 22(10), 1601-1609, 2011.
  • [31] Gulec O, Haytaoglu E, Tokat S. “A novel distributed CDS algorithm for extending lifetime of wsns with solar energy harvester nodes for smart agriculture applications”. IEEE Access, 8(2020), 58859-58873, 2020.
  • [32] Bhuvaneswari PTV, Balakumar R, Vaidehi V, Balamuralidhar P. “Solar energy harvesting for wireless sensor networks”. The Firsth International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks, Indora, India, 23-25 July 2009.
  • [33] Beheshtiha SS, Tan HP, Sabaei M. "Opportunistic routing with adaptive harvesting-aware duty cycling in energy harvesting WSN". The Fifteenth International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications IEEE, Taipei, Taiwan, 24-27 September 2012.
  • [34] Gong P, Xu Q, Chen, TM. "Energy-harvesting aware routing protocol for wireless sensor networks". The nineth International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal IEEE, Manchester, United Kingdom, 23-25 July 2014.
  • [35] Castagnetti A, Pegatoquet A, Le TN, Auguin M. "A joint duty-cycle and transmission power management for energy-harvesting WSN". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 10(2), 928-936, 2014.
  • [36] Gutiérrez J, Villa-Medina JF, Nieto-Garibay A, Porta-Gándara MÁ. “Automated irrigation system using a wireless sensor network and GPRS module”. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 63(2014), 166-176, 2014.
  • [37] Cammarano A, Spenza D, Petrioli C. “Energy-Harvesting WSNs for structural health monitoring of undergroundtrain tunnels”. IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, Turin, Italy, 14-19 April 2013.
  • [38] Gallager RG, Humblet PA, Spira PM. “A distributed algorithm for minimum-weight spanning trees”. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 5(1), 66-77, 1983.
  • [39] Osterlind F, Dunkels, A, Eriksson J, Finne N, Voigt T. “Cross-Level sensor network simulation with cooja”. The Thirty Firsth IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, Florida, United States of America, 14-16 November 2006.

A new reconstructable distributed connected dominating set algorithm for extending the lifetime of wireless sensor networks including energy harvester nodes

Year 2021, Volume: 27 Issue: 2, 173 - 186, 04.04.2021

Elif Haytaoğlu Ömer Güleç Mustafa Tosun

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks are utilized in many different areas such as health, agriculture, security, and entertainment. Since the nodes that constitute wireless sensor networks have limited energy resources, many studies have been carried out on use of their resources in an energy efficient manner. These studies generally focused on duty cycle techniques or constructing energy efficient communication backbones. In wireless sensor systems, the connected dominating sets are generally considered to be used as a backbone. In addition, the deployment of the nodes that harvest their own energy in wireless sensor networks has also been considered in recent studies. In this study, a new distributed algorithm is proposed to construct reusable connected dominating set for wireless networks that possess energy harvester nodes and ordinary nodes which could not harvest its energy. Whenever an energy depletion problem in a node or in more than one node occurs, after a specific interval, the proposed algorithm is re-employed on the alive nodes unless wireless sensor network is disconnected. The proposed algorithm was implemented on SensEH simulation environment based on Cooja which is one of the most commonly used tools in the wireless sensor network area. The new algorithm and the rival algorithm in the area are analyzed with respect to the lifetime of the systems together with the time and the energy consumptions required by the algorithms. According to the results, it is observed that the proposed algorithm can double the total lifetime compared to the rival algorithm.

Keywords

Wireless sensor networks Connected dominating set Energy harvesting

References

  • [1] Diaz SE, Perez JC , Mateos AC, Marinescu MC, Guerra BB. “A novel methodology for the monitoring of the agricultural production process based on wireless sensor networks”. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 76(2), 252-265, 2011.
  • [2] Meda NS, Sadashiva TG, Ramani SK, Iyengar S. “Mobile WSN testbed for agriculture: Plant monitoring system”. The Second International Conference on Emerging Computation and Information Technologies, Tumakuru, India, 15-16 December 2017.
  • [3] Caicedo-Ortiz JG, De-La-Hoz-Franco E, Ortega RM, Pineres-Espitia G, Combita-Nino H, Estevez F, Cama-Pinto A. “Monitoring system for agronomic variables based in wsn technology on cassava crops”. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 145, 275-281, 2018.
  • [4] Bhattacharjee S, Roy P, Ghosh S, Misra S, Obaidat MS. “Wireless sensor network-based fire detection, alarming, monitoring and prevention system for Bord-and-Pillar coal mines”. Journal of Systems and Software, 85(3), 571-581, 2012.
  • [5] Alphonsa A, Ravi G. "Earthquake early warning system by IOT using Wireless sensor networks". International Conference on Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking, Chennai, India, 23-25 March 2016.
  • [6] Zhou G, Yi T, Zhang H, Li H. “Energy-aware wireless sensor placement in structural health monitoring using hybrid discrete firefly algorithm”. Structural Control And Health Monitoring, 22(4), 648-666, 2014.
  • [7] Kalamani N, Aravind PD, Bala SM, Deepika. A, Gopala KK. “Health monitoring and control system using wireless sensor networks”. International Journal of Recent Trends In Engineering and Research, 2018. doi: http://10.23883/IJRTER.CONF.02180328.022.Y0DIX.
  • [8] MEMSIC Company. “TelosB Datasheet”. http://www.memsic.com/userfiles/files/Datasheets/WSN/telosb_datasheet.pdf, (01.10.2019).
  • [9] Chen Q, Cheng S, Gao H, Li J, Cai Z. “Energy-Efficient algorithm for multicasting in duty-cycled sensor networks”. Sensors, 15(12), 31224-31243, 2015.
  • [10] Tosun M, Haytaoglu E. “A new distributed weighted connected dominating set algorithm for WSN”. IEEE 8th International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Berlin, Germany, 2-5 September 2018.
  • [11] Tosun M, Haytaoglu E, Gulec O. “A minimal weight and routing cost connected dominating set algorithm for wireless sensor networks”. IEEE 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference, İzmir, Turkey, 2-5 May 2018.
  • [12] Mohanty JP, Mandal C, Reade C. "Distributed construction of minimum connected dominating set in wireless sensor network using two-hop information". Computer Networks, 123, 137-152, 2017
  • [13] Dagdeviren O, Erciyes K, Tse S."Semi-asynchronous and distributed weighted connected dominating set algorithms for wireless sensor networks". Computer Standards Interfaces, 42, 143-156, 2015.
  • [14] Shi W, Liu W, Wang T, Zeng Z, Zhi G. "Adding duty cycle only in connected dominating sets for energy efficient and fast data collection". IEEE Access, 7(2019), 120475-120499, 2019.
  • [15] Kansal A, Srivastava MB. “An Environmental energy harvesting framework for sensor networks”. ACM International Symposium, Low Power Electronics and Design, Seoul, Korea, 27-27 August 2003.
  • [16] Alippi C, Galperti C. “An adaptive system for optimal solar energy harvesting in wireless sensor network nodes”. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 55(6), 1742-1750, 2008.
  • [17] Clark BN, Colbourn CJ, Johnson D. “Unit disk graphs”. Discrete Math, 86(1), 165-177, 1990.
  • [18] Shi T, Cheng S, Cai Z, Li Y, Li J. "Exploring connected dominating sets in energy harvest networks". IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 25(3), 1803-1817, 2017.
  • [19] Dall'Ora R, Raza U, Brunelli D, Picco GP. "SensEH: From simulation to deployment of energy harvesting wireless sensor networks". The Thirty Ninth Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks Workshops, Edmonton, Canada, 8-11 September 2014.
  • [20] Winkler M, Tuchs K, Hughes K, Barclay G. “Theoretical and practical aspects of military wireless sensor networks”. Journal of Telecommunication Information Technology, 2008(2), 37-45, 2008.
  • [21] Durisic MP, Tafa Z, Dimic G, Milutinovic V. “A survey of military applications of wireless sensor networks”. Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing, Bar, Montenegro, 19-21 June 2012.
  • [22] Corchado JM, Bajo J, Tapia DI, Abraham, A. “Using heterogeneous wireless sensor networks in a telemonitoring system for healthcare”. IEEE Transactions Information Technology in Biomedicine, 14(2), 234-240, 2009.
  • [23] Lee GX, Low KS, Taher, T. “Unrestrained measurement of arm motion based on a wearable wireless sensor network”. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 59(5), 1309-1317, 2010.
  • [24] Ephremides A, Wieselthier JE, Baker DJ. “A design concept for reliable mobile radio networks with frequency hopping signaling”. Proceedings of IEEE, 75(1), 56-73, 1987.
  • [25] Cardei M, Cheng MX, Cheng X, Du DZ. “Connected domination in multihop ad hoc wireless networks”. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer Science and Informatics, North Carolina, United States of America, 8-14 March 2002.
  • [26] Alzoubi KM, Wan PJ, Frieder O. "New distributed algorithm for connected dominating set in wireless ad hoc networks". Thirty Fifth Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Big Island, United States of America, 10 January 2002.
  • [27] Luo C, Yu J, Li D, Chen H, Hong Y, Ni L. “Novel Distributed algorithm for constructing virtual backbones in wireless sensor networks”. Computer Networks, 146, 104-114, 2018.
  • [28] Wu J, Li H. “A dominating-set-based routing scheme in ad hoc wireless networks”. Telecommunication Systems, 3(1999), 63-84, 1999.
  • [29] Dai, F, Wu, J. “An extended localized algorithm for connected dominating set formation in ad hoc wireless networks”. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 15(10), 908-920, 2004.
  • [30] Ding L, Wu W, Willson J, Du H, Lee W, Du DZ. “Efficient algorithms for topology control problem with routing cost constraints in wireless networks”. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, 22(10), 1601-1609, 2011.
  • [31] Gulec O, Haytaoglu E, Tokat S. “A novel distributed CDS algorithm for extending lifetime of wsns with solar energy harvester nodes for smart agriculture applications”. IEEE Access, 8(2020), 58859-58873, 2020.
  • [32] Bhuvaneswari PTV, Balakumar R, Vaidehi V, Balamuralidhar P. “Solar energy harvesting for wireless sensor networks”. The Firsth International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks, Indora, India, 23-25 July 2009.
  • [33] Beheshtiha SS, Tan HP, Sabaei M. "Opportunistic routing with adaptive harvesting-aware duty cycling in energy harvesting WSN". The Fifteenth International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications IEEE, Taipei, Taiwan, 24-27 September 2012.
  • [34] Gong P, Xu Q, Chen, TM. "Energy-harvesting aware routing protocol for wireless sensor networks". The nineth International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks & Digital Signal IEEE, Manchester, United Kingdom, 23-25 July 2014.
  • [35] Castagnetti A, Pegatoquet A, Le TN, Auguin M. "A joint duty-cycle and transmission power management for energy-harvesting WSN". IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 10(2), 928-936, 2014.
  • [36] Gutiérrez J, Villa-Medina JF, Nieto-Garibay A, Porta-Gándara MÁ. “Automated irrigation system using a wireless sensor network and GPRS module”. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 63(2014), 166-176, 2014.
  • [37] Cammarano A, Spenza D, Petrioli C. “Energy-Harvesting WSNs for structural health monitoring of undergroundtrain tunnels”. IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, Turin, Italy, 14-19 April 2013.
  • [38] Gallager RG, Humblet PA, Spira PM. “A distributed algorithm for minimum-weight spanning trees”. ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 5(1), 66-77, 1983.
  • [39] Osterlind F, Dunkels, A, Eriksson J, Finne N, Voigt T. “Cross-Level sensor network simulation with cooja”. The Thirty Firsth IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, Florida, United States of America, 14-16 November 2006.
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Elif Haytaoğlu This is me

Ömer Güleç

Mustafa Tosun This is me

Publication Date April 4, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 27 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Haytaoğlu, E., Güleç, Ö., & Tosun, M. (2021). Enerji hasadı yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran yeniden oluşturulabilen bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 27(2), 173-186.
AMA Haytaoğlu E, Güleç Ö, Tosun M. Enerji hasadı yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran yeniden oluşturulabilen bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. April 2021;27(2):173-186.
Chicago Haytaoğlu, Elif, Ömer Güleç, and Mustafa Tosun. “Enerji Hasadı Yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu Telsiz Duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran Yeniden oluşturulabilen Bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme Algoritması”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 27, no. 2 (April 2021): 173-86.
EndNote Haytaoğlu E, Güleç Ö, Tosun M (April 1, 2021) Enerji hasadı yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran yeniden oluşturulabilen bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 27 2 173–186.
IEEE E. Haytaoğlu, Ö. Güleç, and M. Tosun, “Enerji hasadı yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran yeniden oluşturulabilen bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması”, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 173–186, 2021.
ISNAD Haytaoğlu, Elif et al. “Enerji Hasadı Yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu Telsiz Duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran Yeniden oluşturulabilen Bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme Algoritması”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 27/2 (April 2021), 173-186.
JAMA Haytaoğlu E, Güleç Ö, Tosun M. Enerji hasadı yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran yeniden oluşturulabilen bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;27:173–186.
MLA Haytaoğlu, Elif et al. “Enerji Hasadı Yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu Telsiz Duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran Yeniden oluşturulabilen Bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme Algoritması”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 27, no. 2, 2021, pp. 173-86.
Vancouver Haytaoğlu E, Güleç Ö, Tosun M. Enerji hasadı yapan düğümlerin bulunduğu telsiz duyarga ağlarının yaşam süresini arttıran yeniden oluşturulabilen bir dağıtık bağlı baskın küme algoritması. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2021;27(2):173-86.

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