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DOES CLIMATE POLICY UNCERTAINTY IN THE US AFFECT RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4, 180 - 203, 27.12.2023

Özlem Gül Dinç

https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1260702

Öz

This study aims to examines the relationship between climate policy uncertainty and renewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and economic growth by sectors in the 2000M1-2021M12 period of the USA. For this purpose, the recursive evolving window causality test, which is a new time-varying causality test, was used in this study. According to the findings, there is a strong relationship between CO2 emissions and climate policy uncertainty in the electricity and industry sector, while there is a strong relationship between climate policy uncertainty to CO2 emissions in the housing sector. However, in the commercial sector, there is a strong relationship between climate policy uncertainty and renewable energy consumption. The results of the analysis show that the steps to be taken to reduce climate policy uncertainty will especially affect carbon dioxide emissions and renewable energy consumption. From this perspective, we can indicate that raising awareness of climate change is one of the first steps to be undertaken to reduce climate policy uncertainty.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate Policy Uncertainty CO2 Emissions Renewable Energy Consumption Time-Varying Causality

Kaynakça

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  • Awodumi, O. B., & Adewuyi, A. O. (2020). The role of non-renewable energy consumption in economic growth and carbon emission: Evidence from oil producing economies in Africa. Energy Strategy Reviews, 27, 1-19. doi: 10.1016/j.esr.2019.100434
  • Aydoğan, B., & Vardar, G. (2020). Evaluating the role of renewable energy, economic growth and agriculture on CO2 emission in E7 countries. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 39(4), 335-348. doi: 10.1080/14786451.2019.1686380
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ABD'DE İKLİM POLİTİKASI BELİRSİZLİĞİ YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ TÜKETİMİNİ ETKİLER Mİ?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4, 180 - 203, 27.12.2023

Özlem Gül Dinç

https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1260702

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı ABD’nin 2000M1-2021M12 döneminde sektörlere göre iklim politikası belirsizliği ile yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi, CO2 emisyonu ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada yeni bir zamana göre değişen nedensellik testi olan özyinelemeli gelişen pencere nedensellik testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre elektrik ve sanayi sektöründe CO2 emisyonundan iklim politikası belirsizliğine doğru güçlü ilişki bulunurken, konut sektöründe iklim politikası belirsizliğinden CO2 emisyonuna doğru güçlü ilişki bulunmaktadır. Öte yandan ticari sektörde ise iklim politikası belirsizliğinden yenilenebilir enerji tüketimine doğru güçlü bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre iklim politikası belirsizliğinin azaltılmasına yönelik olarak yapılacak adımların özellikle karbondioksit emisyonunu ve yenilenebilir enerji tüketimini etkileyeceği göstermektedir. Buradan hareketle, iklim politikası belirsizliğini azaltmaya yönelik olarak atılacak adımların başında iklim değişikliği farkındalığının artırılmasını gösterebiliriz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İklim Politikası Belirsizliği CO2 emisyonu Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi Zamanla Değişen Nedensellik

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, K. R., Shahbaz, M., Jiao, Z., & Tufail, M. (2021). How energy consumption, industrial growth, urbanization, and CO2 emissions affect economic growth in Pakistan? A novel dynamic ARDL simulations approach. Energy, 221, 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.119793
  • Abbasi, K., Jiao, Z., Shahbaz, M., & Khan, A. (2020). Asymmetric impact of renewable and non-renewable energy on economic growth in Pakistan: New evidence from a nonlinear analysis. Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 38(5), 1946-1967. doi: 10.1177/01445987209464
  • Adebayo, T. S., Awosusi, A. A., & Adeshola, I. (2020). Determinants of CO2 emissions in emerging markets: An empirical evidence from MINT economies. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 9(3), 411-422. doi: 10.14710/ijred.2020.31321
  • Adebayo, T. S., Awosusi, A. A., Kirikkaleli, D., Akinsola, G. D., & Mwamba, M. N. (2021). Can CO2 emissions and energy consumption determine the economic performance of South Korea? A time series analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(29), 38969-38984. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13498-1
  • Akram, R., Majeed, M. T., Fareed, Z., Khalid, F., & Ye, C. (2020). Asymmetric effects of energy efficiency and renewable energy on carbon emissions of BRICS economies: evidence from nonlinear panel autoregressive distributed lag model. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(15). 18254-18268. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08353-8
  • Avrupa Birliği Türkiye Delegasyonu (2016). Geleceğe dair: Paris iklim anlaşması. https://www.iklimin.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/paris-iklim-anla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1-EUD-Brochure.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Awodumi, O. B., & Adewuyi, A. O. (2020). The role of non-renewable energy consumption in economic growth and carbon emission: Evidence from oil producing economies in Africa. Energy Strategy Reviews, 27, 1-19. doi: 10.1016/j.esr.2019.100434
  • Aydoğan, B., & Vardar, G. (2020). Evaluating the role of renewable energy, economic growth and agriculture on CO2 emission in E7 countries. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 39(4), 335-348. doi: 10.1080/14786451.2019.1686380
  • Balcilar, M., Z. A. Ozdemir, & Y. Arslanturk (2010). Economic growth and energy consumption causal nexus viewed through a bootstrap rolling window. Energy Economics, 32, 1398–1410. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2010.05.015
  • Banday, U. J., & Aneja, R. (2018). Energy consumption, economic growth,and CO2 emissions: Evidence from G7 countries. World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development, 16(1), 22-39. doi: 10.1108/WJSTSD-01-2018-0007
  • Ben Jebli, M., Ben Youssef, S., & Apergis, N. (2019). The dynamic linkage between renewable energy, tourism, CO2 emissions, economic growth, foreign direct investment, and trade. Latin American Economic Review, 28(1), 1-19. doi: 10.1186/s40503-019-0063-7
  • Bhat, J. A. (2018). Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption—impact on economic growth and co2 emissions in five emerging market economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(35), 35515-35530. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3523-8
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  • Charfeddine, L., & Kahia, M. (2019). Impact of renewable energy consumption and financial development on CO2 emissions and economic growth in the MENA region: A panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) analysis. Renewable Energy, 139, 198-213. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.01.010
  • Chen, Y., Wang, Z., & Zhong, Z. (2019). CO2 emissions, economic growth, renewable and non-renewable energy production and foreign trade in China. Renewable Energy, 131, 208-216. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.07.047
  • Chontanawat, J. (2020). Dynamic modelling of causal relationship between energy consumption, CO2 emission, and economic growth in SE Asian countries. Energies, 13(24), 6664. doi: 10.3390/en13246664
  • Doğan, B., Driha, O. M., Balsalobre Lorente, D., & Shahzad, U. (2021). The mitigating effects of economic complexity and renewable energy on carbon emissions in developed countries. Sustainable Development, 29(1), 1-12. doi: 10.1002/sd.2125
  • Doğanlar, M., Mike, F., Kızılkaya, O., & Karlılar, S. (2021). Testing the long-run effects of economic growth, financial development and energy consumption on CO2 emissions in turkey: new evidence from RALS cointegration test. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(25), 32554-32563. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-12661-y
  • Dolado, J. J., & Lutkepohl, H. (1996). Making Wald tests work for cointegrated VAR systems. Econometric Reviews 15, 369–386. doi: 10.1080/07474939608800362
  • Economic Policy Uncertainty (2022) Climate Policy Uncertanity Index, https://www.policyuncertainty.com/climate_uncertainty.html adresinden erişildi.
  • EIA (2022) Total energy. https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/ adresinden erişilid.
  • EPA (2022). Global greenhouse gas emissions data. https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data adresinden erişildi.
  • Erdoğan, S. (2020). Enerji, çevre ve sera gazları. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 277-303. doi: 10.18074/ckuiibfd.670673
  • Eren, B. M., Taspinar, N., & Gokmenoglu, K. K. (2019). The impact of financial development and economic growth on renewable energy consumption: empirical analysis of India. Science of the Total Environment, 663, 189-197. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.323
  • FRED (2022) Industrial production: Total index. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/INDPRO adresinden erişildi. Gavriilidis, K. (2021). Measuring climate policy uncertainty. SSRN Electronic Journal, 1-9. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3847388
  • Gorus, M. S., & Aydin, M. (2019). The relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, and Co2 emission in MENA countries: Causality analysis in the frequency domain. Energy, 168, 815-822. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.139
  • IEA (2022). Global energy review: CO2 emissions in 2021. https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/c3086240-732b-4f6a-89d7-db01be018f5e/GlobalEnergyReviewCO2Emissionsin2021.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • IEA (2022). Greenhouse gas emissions from energy data explorer. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/greenhouse-gas-emissions-from-energy-data-explorer adresinden erişildi.
  • Iqbal, A., Tang, X., & Rasool, S. F. (2022). Investigating the nexus between CO2 emissions, renewable energy consumption, FDI, exports and economic growth: Evidence from BRICS countries. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 25, 1-30. doi: 10.1007/s10668-022-02128-6
  • İnal, V., Addi, H. M., Çakmak, E. E., Torusdağ, M., & Çalışkan, M. (2022). The nexus between renewable energy, CO2 emissions, and economic growth: Empirical evidence from African oil-producing countries. Energy Reports, 8, 1634-1643. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.12.051
  • Kahia, M., Ben Jebli, M., & Belloumi, M. (2019). Analysis of the impact of renewable energy consumption and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions in 12 MENA countries. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 21(4), 871-885. doi: 10.1007/s10098-019-01676-2
  • Khan, H., Khan, I., & Binh, T. T. (2020). The heterogeneity of renewable energy consumption, carbon emission and financial development in the globe: A panel quantile regression approach. Energy Reports, 6, 859-867. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2020.04.002
  • Khan, M. K., Khan, M. I., & Rehan, M. (2020). The Relationship between energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon dioxide emissions in Pakistan. Financial Innovation, 6(1), 1-13. doi: 10.1186/s40854-019-0162-0
  • Koengkan, M., Fuinhas, J. A., & Santiago, R. (2020). The Relationship between CO2 emissions, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and urbanisation in the southern common market. Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy, 9(4), 383-401. doi: 10.1080/21606544.2019.1702902
  • Lee, J. W. (2019). Long-Run dynamics of renewable energy consumption on carbon emissions and economic growth in the European union. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 26(1), 69-78. doi: 10.1080/13504509.2018.1492998
  • Mardani, A., Streimikiene, D., Cavallaro, F., Loganathan, N., & Khoshnoudi, M. (2019). Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions and economic growth: a systematic review of two decades of research from 1995 to 2017. Science of the Total Environment, 649, 31-49. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.229
  • Mohsin, M., Kamran, H. W., Nawaz, M. A., Hussain, M. S., & Dahri, A. S. (2021). Assessing the impact of transition from non-renewable to renewable energy consumption on economic growth-environmental nexus from developing Asian economies. Journal of Environmental Management, 284, 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.111999
  • Muhammad, I., Ozcan, R., Jain, V., Sharma, P., & Shabbir, M. S. (2022). Does environmental sustainability affect the renewable energy consumption? Nexus among trade openness, CO2 emissions, income inequality, renewable energy, and economic growth in OECD countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(60), 90147-90157. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22011-1
  • Nguyen, K. H., & Kakinaka, M. (2019). Renewable energy consumption, carbon emissions, and development stages: some evidence from panel cointegration analysis. Renewable Energy, 132, 1049-1057. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.08.069
  • Nguyen, V. C. T. & Le, H. Q. (2021). Renewable energy consumption, nonrenewable energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in Vietnam. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 33(2), 419-434. doi: 10.1108/MEQ-08-2021-0199
  • Odugbesan, J. A., & Rjoub, H. (2020). Relationship among economic growth, energy consumption, CO2 emission, and urbanization: Evidence from MINT countries. Sage Open, 10(2). doi: 10.1177/2158244020914648
  • Ozcan, B., & Ozturk, I. (2019). Renewable energy consumption-economic growth nexus in emerging countries: A bootstrap panel causality test. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 104, 30-37. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.020
  • Pao, H. T., & Tsai, C. M. (2011). Modeling and forecasting the CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth in Brazil. Energy, 36(5), 2450-2458. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2011.01.032
  • Pata, U. K. (2021). Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic complexity, CO2 emissions, and ecological footprint in the USA: Testing the EKC hypothesis with a structural break. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(1), 846-861. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10446-3
  • Phillips, P. C. (1995). Fully modified least squares and vector autoregression. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 63(5), 1023-1078. doi: 10.2307/2171721
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  • Raihan, A., & Tuspekova, A. (2022). Toward a sustainable environment: Nexus between economic growth, renewable energy use, forested area, and carbon emissions in Malaysia. Resources, Conservation & Recycling Advances, 15, 1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.rcradv.2022.200096
  • Saidi, K., & Omri, A. (2020). The impact of renewable energy on carbon emissions and economic growth in 15 major renewable energy-consuming countries. Environmental Research, 186, 1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109567
  • Saudi, M. H. M. (2019). The role of renewable, non-renewable energy consumption and technology innovation in testing environmental Kuznets curve in Malaysia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 9(1), 299-307. doi: 10.32479/ijeep.7295
  • Shi, S., Hurn, S., & Phillips, P. C. (2020). Causal change detection in possibly integrated systems: revisiting the money–income relationship. Journal of Financial Econometrics, 18(1), 158-180. doi: 10.1093/jjfinec/nbz004
  • Swanson, N. R. (1998). Money and output viewed through a rolling window. Journal of Monetary Economics, 41, 455–474. doi: 10.1016/S0304-3932(98)00005-1
  • Thoma, M. A. (1994). Subsample instability and asymmetries in money–income causality. Journal of Econometrics, 64, 279–306. doi: 10.1016/0304-4076(94)90066-3
  • Toda, H. Y., & Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated processes. Journal of Econometrics, 66, 225–250. doi: 10.1016/0304-4076(94)01616-8
  • Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Dışişleri Bakanlığı (2022). Kyoto Protokolü. https://www.mfa.gov.tr/kyoto-protokolu.tr.mfa adresinden erişildi.
  • Ummalla, M., & Samal, A. (2019). The impact of natural gas and renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions and economic growth in two major emerging market economies. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(20), 20893-20907. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-05388-4
  • Vo, A. T., Vo, D. H., & Le, Q. T. T. (2019). CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth: new evidence in the ASEAN countries. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 12(3), 145. doi: 10.3390/jrfm12030145
  • Waheed, R., Sarwar, S., & Wei, C. (2019). The survey of economic growth, energy consumption and carbon emission. Energy Reports, 5, 1103-1115. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2019.07.006
  • Wang, Q., & Wang, L. (2020). Renewable energy consumption and economic growth in OECD countries: a nonlinear panel data analysis. Energy, 207, 1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118200
  • WB (2022). CO2 Emissions. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.KT?most_recent_value_desc=true&type=shaded&view=map/ adresinden erişildi.
Toplam 60 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Özlem Gül Dinç 0000-0003-4237-0088

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 6 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 24 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Dinç, Ö. G. (2023). ABD’DE İKLİM POLİTİKASI BELİRSİZLİĞİ YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ TÜKETİMİNİ ETKİLER Mİ?. Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(4), 180-203. https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1260702
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