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Different types of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes and the associated factors

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 39 - 44, 29.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.918697

Öz

Aim: Diabetes and dyslipidemia are common diseases that can be seen together. In this study, we aimed to investigate factors affecting the type of dyslipidemia in diabetic patients.


Methods: The cross-sectional study included a total of 596 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the outpatient diabetes clinic of the Istanbul Medeniyet University between January 2017 and December 2019. Patient laboratory, clinical, and sociodemographic data were retrieved from medical records.


Results: Of all patients, 52% were diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL) and 56.4% had a history of hypertriglyceridemia. Four hundred and forty-four (74%) patients had abnormal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (≥100 mg/dL). Eighty percent of the female patients and 67.4% of the male patients had abnormal LDLC levels, and the difference between the two sexes was statistically significant (p<0.001). Triglyceride levels were higher in the patients with a hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) level ≥7% (p<0.001). Smokers had significantly higher levels of LDL-C (p=0.03) and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.038) than non-smokers. The mean body mass index was higher for the group of non-smokers than for the smokers (p<0.001). The rates of hypertriglyceridemia and obesity were significantly higher in patients with hypertension than in those without (p=0.036 and p=0.013, respectively).


Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is common in diabetic patients, especially women. A complete examination of the patient should include the consideration of conditions associated with dyslipidemia.

Kaynakça

  • The World Health Organization. Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
  • Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 1997;349:1269–76.
  • Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ôunpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case–control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937–52.
  • O’Donnell MJ, Chin SL, Rangarajan S, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, et al. Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE): a case–control study. Lancet. 2016;388:761–75.
  • Rader DJ. Effect of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and intra-abdominal adiposity on the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Am J Med. 2007;120(3):8–12.
  • Phillips GB. Sex hormones, risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Am J Med. 1978;65(1):7– 11.
  • The American Diabetes Association. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(1):14–31.
  • Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, Koskinas KC, Casula M, Badimon L, et al. 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(1):111–88.
  • UK Prospective Diabetes Study 27. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins at diagnosis of NIDDM by age and sex. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(11):1683–7.
  • Abacı A, Kılıçkap M, Göksülük H, Karaaslan D, Barçın C, Kayıkçıoğlu M, et al. Türkiye’de metabolik sendrom sıklığı verileri: kardiyovasküler risk faktörlerine yönelik epidemiyolojik çalışmaların sistematik derleme, meta-analiz ve meta-regresyonu. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi. 2018;46(7):591–601.
  • Oğuz A, Kılıçkap M, Güleç S, Altuntaş Y, Karşıdağ K, Temizhan A, et al. Risk of cardiovascular events in patients with metabolic syndrome: results of a population-based prospective cohort study (PURE Turkey). Anatol J Cardiol. 2020;24(3):192–200.
  • Shahwan MJ, Jairoun AA, Farajallah A, Shanabli S. Prevalence of dyslipidemia and factors affecting lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019;13(4):2387–92.
  • Tan XJ, Jiao GP, Ren YJ, Gao XR, Ding Y, Wang XR, et al. Relationship between smoking and dyslipidemia in western Chinese elderly males. J Clin Lab Anal. 2008;22(3):159–63.
  • Brown CD, Higgins M, Donato KA, Rohde FC, Garrison R, Obarzanek E, et al. Body mass index and the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Obes Res. 2000;8(9):605–19.

Tip 2 diyabette farklı dislipidemi türleri ve ilişkili faktörler

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 39 - 44, 29.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.21673/anadoluklin.918697

Öz

Amaç: Diyabet ve dislipidemi birlikte görülebilen yaygın hastalıklardır. Bu çalışmada diyabet hastalarında görülen dislipidemi tipini etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amaçlanmıştır.


Yöntem: Kesitsel araştırmamız Ocak 2017—Aralık 2019 döneminde İstanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi'nin diyabet polikliniğine başvuran toplam 596 tip 2 diyabetli hasta içerdi. Hastaların laboratuvar, klinik ve sosyodemografik verileri tıbbi kayıtlardan elde edildi.

Bulgular: Hastaların %52’si hiperkolesterolemi (total kolesterol ≥200 mg/dL) tanısı almıştı ve %56,4’ünde hipertrigliseridemi öyküsü vardı. Dört yüz kırk dört (%74) hastada anormal düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol (DYL-K) seviyeleri (≥100 mg/dL) görüldü. DYL-K düzeyi kadınların %80’inde, erkeklerin %67,4’ünde anormaldi ve iki cinsiyet arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p<0,001). Hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c) düzeyi ≥%7 olan hastalarda trigliserit düzeyleri daha yüksekti (p<0,001). Sigara içmeyenlere kıyasla, sigara içenlerde DYL-K seviyeleri anlamlı biçimde daha yüksek (p=0,03), yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein kolesterol seviyeleri ise anlamlı biçimde daha düşüktü (p=0,038). Sigara içenlere kıyasla sigara içmeyen hasta grubunda ortalama vücut kitle indeksi daha yüksekti (p<0,001). Hipertansiyonu olmayan hastalara kıyasla, hipertrigliseridemi ve obezite oranları hipertansiyonlu hastalarda anlamlı biçimde daha yüksekti (sırasıyla p=0,036 ve p=0,013).


Sonuç: Dislipidemi diyabetik hastalarda, özellikle kadınlarda yaygındır. Yapılacak bütüncül incelemelerde dislipidemi ile ilişkili durumlar da göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.

Kaynakça

  • The World Health Organization. Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
  • Murray CJ, Lopez AD. Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet. 1997;349:1269–76.
  • Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ôunpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case–control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937–52.
  • O’Donnell MJ, Chin SL, Rangarajan S, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, et al. Global and regional effects of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with acute stroke in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE): a case–control study. Lancet. 2016;388:761–75.
  • Rader DJ. Effect of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and intra-abdominal adiposity on the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Am J Med. 2007;120(3):8–12.
  • Phillips GB. Sex hormones, risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Am J Med. 1978;65(1):7– 11.
  • The American Diabetes Association. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(1):14–31.
  • Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, Koskinas KC, Casula M, Badimon L, et al. 2019 ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J. 2020;41(1):111–88.
  • UK Prospective Diabetes Study 27. Plasma lipids and lipoproteins at diagnosis of NIDDM by age and sex. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(11):1683–7.
  • Abacı A, Kılıçkap M, Göksülük H, Karaaslan D, Barçın C, Kayıkçıoğlu M, et al. Türkiye’de metabolik sendrom sıklığı verileri: kardiyovasküler risk faktörlerine yönelik epidemiyolojik çalışmaların sistematik derleme, meta-analiz ve meta-regresyonu. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi. 2018;46(7):591–601.
  • Oğuz A, Kılıçkap M, Güleç S, Altuntaş Y, Karşıdağ K, Temizhan A, et al. Risk of cardiovascular events in patients with metabolic syndrome: results of a population-based prospective cohort study (PURE Turkey). Anatol J Cardiol. 2020;24(3):192–200.
  • Shahwan MJ, Jairoun AA, Farajallah A, Shanabli S. Prevalence of dyslipidemia and factors affecting lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2019;13(4):2387–92.
  • Tan XJ, Jiao GP, Ren YJ, Gao XR, Ding Y, Wang XR, et al. Relationship between smoking and dyslipidemia in western Chinese elderly males. J Clin Lab Anal. 2008;22(3):159–63.
  • Brown CD, Higgins M, Donato KA, Rohde FC, Garrison R, Obarzanek E, et al. Body mass index and the prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Obes Res. 2000;8(9):605–19.
Toplam 14 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm ORJİNAL MAKALE
Yazarlar

Miraç Vural Keskinler 0000-0003-4863-9666

Aytekin Oğuz 0000-0002-2595-5167

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Ocak 2022
Kabul Tarihi 31 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Vural Keskinler M, Oğuz A. Different types of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes and the associated factors. Anadolu Klin. 2022;27(1):39-44.

13151 This Journal licensed under a CC BY-NC (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0) International License.