Araştırma Makalesi
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Raşid Gannuşi’nin Devlet Anlayışında Şura Yaklaşımı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 3, 879 - 899, 15.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.16951/atauniiibd.810652

Öz

Bu araştırma, çağdaş dünyanın önde gelen Müslüman aydınlardan biri olan Raşid Gannuşi’nin siyasi düşüncesinde Şura yaklaşımını analiz etmektedir. Gannuşi, metinden (Nass) sonra Şura'yı İslam devletinin temel ilkesi olarak tartışmayı amaçlamış hatta metin en önemli ilke olması bile metnin yorumlanması ve uygulanması nedeniyle Şura'ya bağlıdır. Bu görüşü takiben, Şura, devletin ve kanunlarının oluşumunda temel unsurudur. Şura terimiyle, yalnızca Ulema ile danışma içinde olmayı değil, İslam devletinin meşru otoritesi olarak gördüğü tüm ümmetle istişare etmeyi kastetmiştir. Arap Baharı'ndan sonra, Gannuşi’nin politik düşüncesi ve siyaseti akademik dünyada kritik yer tutmaktadır. Arap Baharı'nın ardından siyasette yaşanan birçok dönüşümde, Gannuşi, Müslüman demokratik bir devleti savunmaktadır. Bu araştırma, Şura terimini Raşid Gannuşi’nin devlet anlayışının anahtar sözcüğü olarak kabul etmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Al-Mawardi, A. A. H. (1996). Al-Ahkam as-Sultaniyyah The Laws of Islamic Governance. Trans. Asadullah Yate (London: Ta-Ha Publishers, 1996).
  • Arieff, A. and Humud, C. E. (2014). Political Transition in Tunisia, Congressional Research Service, Retrieved from: www.crs.gov (last accessed; 10.10.2020)
  • Bartal, S. (2020). Rached Ghannouchi’s test: Political Islam and democracy in Tunisia. African Studies, 1-15.
  • Black, A. (2011). The History of Islamic Political Thought; from the prophet to the present. Edinburg: Edinburg University Press
  • Constitute (2014). Tunisia’s constitution of 2014. constituteproject.org, Retrieved from: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tunisia_2014.pdf (last accessed; 10.10.2020)
  • El-Ghazali, A. H. (2011). The way to the revival of Ummah A study of the thinking of Imam al Banna. Cairo; Al Falah Foundation
  • Elo, S. and Kynga, S.H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing 62(1), 107–115
  • Enayet, H. (1982). Modern Islamic Political Thought. London and Basingstoke; The Macmıllan Press Ltd
  • Esposito, J. L. and Piscatori. J.P. (1991). Democratization and Islam. The Middle East Journal 45 (3), 427-440
  • Ghannouchi, R. (2015). İslam Devletine Kamusal Özgürlük. Translated by- Osman Tunç, İstanbul: Maya Yayınları
  • Göksel, O. (2014) Perceptions of the Turkish Model in Post-Revolutionary Tunisia, Turkish Studies, 15:3, 476-495, DOI: 10.1080/14683849.2014.954747 Hourani, A. (1983), Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798-1939, 2nd edition, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press
  • Ibn Taymiyyah (2000). The Political Shariyah on Reforming the Ruler (translated by Dr Umar Farrukh)”, UK; Dar ul Fiqh
  • Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Lübben, I. (2016). 10th conference of the Tunisian Ennahda Party; Farewell to political Islam? Qantara.de, Retrieved from; https://en.qantara.de/content/10th-conference-of-the-tunisian-ennahda-party-farewell-to-political-islam (last accessed; 10.10.2020) McCarthy, R. (2018). Inside Tunisia's al-Nahda: between politics and preaching. Cambridge University Press.
  • Middle East Eye (2016). Rached Ghannouchi Q&A: Thoughts on democratic Islam. Retrieved from: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/rached-ghannouchi-qa-thoughts-democratic-islam (last accessed: 09.10.2020)
  • Mulk, N. (1960). Siyar al-Muluk (siyasatnama), ed.Hubert Darke, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Ounissi, S. (2016). Ennahda from within: Islamist or “Muslim Democrat”? Brookings Institution Rethinking political Islam series, March 2016 Qaradawi, Y. (2004). State in Islam, Al Falah Foundation, Cairo.
  • Qutb, S. (2013). Social Justice in Islam, Translated by Mohammad Ali Gerami and Seyed Hadi Khosrowshahi. Qom: Institute of Boostane-e-Ketab (Center for Islamic Propagation Office of Qom Seminary)
  • Shavit, U. (2010). Is Shura a Muslim form of democracy? Roots and systemization of a polemic. Middle Eastern Studies, 46(3), 349-374.
  • Tamimi A.S. (2001). Rachid Ghannouchi; A Democrat within Islamism. New York: Oxford University Press
  • Tamimi, A. S. (1997). Democracy in Islamic Political Thought. ENCOUNTERS-LEICESTER-, 3, 21-44.
  • The Noble Quran (2016), Website; https://quran.com/
  • Turabi, H. (1983) ‘The Islamic State’, In John Esposito (ed.) Voices of Resurgent Islam (pp. 241-51). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Whyte, S. A. (2019). Advancing Shūrā: A Social Agent for Democratization. Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations, 30(3), 345-362.
  • Wolf, A. (2013) An Islamist ‘renaissance’? Religion and politics in post-revolutionary Tunisia, The Journal of North African Studies, 18: 4, 560-573, DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2013.829979
  • Zoubir, Y. H. (1998). Democracy and Islam in Malek Bennabi’s Thought, The American Journal of Islamic Social Science 15: 1

The Approach of Shura in Rachid Ghannouchi’s Conception of the State

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 35 Sayı: 3, 879 - 899, 15.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.16951/atauniiibd.810652

Öz

This research analyzed the approach of Shura in the political thought of Rachid Ghannouchi, one of the prominent Muslim scholars in the contemporary world. Ghannouchi intended to argue Shura as an essential principle of the Islamic state after text (Nass), even more important because of the interpretation and implementation of text also depends on Shura. Following this aspect, Shura is the fundamental element for the formation of the state and its legislations. By the term Shura, he didn’t mean the consultation with only the Ulama but the entire Ummah, where he considered Ummah is the legitimate authority of the Islamic state. After the Arab Spring, Ghannouchi’s political thought and politics are crucial topics in academia. Within several transformations in politics as an aftermath of the Arab Spring, Ghannouchi now argues for a Muslim democratic state. This research considered the term Shura as the keyword of Rachid Ghannouchi’s conception of state.

Kaynakça

  • Al-Mawardi, A. A. H. (1996). Al-Ahkam as-Sultaniyyah The Laws of Islamic Governance. Trans. Asadullah Yate (London: Ta-Ha Publishers, 1996).
  • Arieff, A. and Humud, C. E. (2014). Political Transition in Tunisia, Congressional Research Service, Retrieved from: www.crs.gov (last accessed; 10.10.2020)
  • Bartal, S. (2020). Rached Ghannouchi’s test: Political Islam and democracy in Tunisia. African Studies, 1-15.
  • Black, A. (2011). The History of Islamic Political Thought; from the prophet to the present. Edinburg: Edinburg University Press
  • Constitute (2014). Tunisia’s constitution of 2014. constituteproject.org, Retrieved from: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tunisia_2014.pdf (last accessed; 10.10.2020)
  • El-Ghazali, A. H. (2011). The way to the revival of Ummah A study of the thinking of Imam al Banna. Cairo; Al Falah Foundation
  • Elo, S. and Kynga, S.H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing 62(1), 107–115
  • Enayet, H. (1982). Modern Islamic Political Thought. London and Basingstoke; The Macmıllan Press Ltd
  • Esposito, J. L. and Piscatori. J.P. (1991). Democratization and Islam. The Middle East Journal 45 (3), 427-440
  • Ghannouchi, R. (2015). İslam Devletine Kamusal Özgürlük. Translated by- Osman Tunç, İstanbul: Maya Yayınları
  • Göksel, O. (2014) Perceptions of the Turkish Model in Post-Revolutionary Tunisia, Turkish Studies, 15:3, 476-495, DOI: 10.1080/14683849.2014.954747 Hourani, A. (1983), Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age, 1798-1939, 2nd edition, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press
  • Ibn Taymiyyah (2000). The Political Shariyah on Reforming the Ruler (translated by Dr Umar Farrukh)”, UK; Dar ul Fiqh
  • Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd ed). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Lübben, I. (2016). 10th conference of the Tunisian Ennahda Party; Farewell to political Islam? Qantara.de, Retrieved from; https://en.qantara.de/content/10th-conference-of-the-tunisian-ennahda-party-farewell-to-political-islam (last accessed; 10.10.2020) McCarthy, R. (2018). Inside Tunisia's al-Nahda: between politics and preaching. Cambridge University Press.
  • Middle East Eye (2016). Rached Ghannouchi Q&A: Thoughts on democratic Islam. Retrieved from: https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/rached-ghannouchi-qa-thoughts-democratic-islam (last accessed: 09.10.2020)
  • Mulk, N. (1960). Siyar al-Muluk (siyasatnama), ed.Hubert Darke, New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Ounissi, S. (2016). Ennahda from within: Islamist or “Muslim Democrat”? Brookings Institution Rethinking political Islam series, March 2016 Qaradawi, Y. (2004). State in Islam, Al Falah Foundation, Cairo.
  • Qutb, S. (2013). Social Justice in Islam, Translated by Mohammad Ali Gerami and Seyed Hadi Khosrowshahi. Qom: Institute of Boostane-e-Ketab (Center for Islamic Propagation Office of Qom Seminary)
  • Shavit, U. (2010). Is Shura a Muslim form of democracy? Roots and systemization of a polemic. Middle Eastern Studies, 46(3), 349-374.
  • Tamimi A.S. (2001). Rachid Ghannouchi; A Democrat within Islamism. New York: Oxford University Press
  • Tamimi, A. S. (1997). Democracy in Islamic Political Thought. ENCOUNTERS-LEICESTER-, 3, 21-44.
  • The Noble Quran (2016), Website; https://quran.com/
  • Turabi, H. (1983) ‘The Islamic State’, In John Esposito (ed.) Voices of Resurgent Islam (pp. 241-51). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Whyte, S. A. (2019). Advancing Shūrā: A Social Agent for Democratization. Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations, 30(3), 345-362.
  • Wolf, A. (2013) An Islamist ‘renaissance’? Religion and politics in post-revolutionary Tunisia, The Journal of North African Studies, 18: 4, 560-573, DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2013.829979
  • Zoubir, Y. H. (1998). Democracy and Islam in Malek Bennabi’s Thought, The American Journal of Islamic Social Science 15: 1
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hafijur Rahman 0000-0001-7945-6307

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 35 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Rahman, H. (2021). The Approach of Shura in Rachid Ghannouchi’s Conception of the State. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 35(3), 879-899. https://doi.org/10.16951/atauniiibd.810652

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