Araştırma Makalesi
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The Import Dependency of Intermediate Input and Final Demand in the MINT Countries: Input-Output Analysis

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 69 - 95, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.25229/beta.890933

Öz

In the world, with the liberalisation of foreign trade, there have been rapid developments occurred in international trade. One of the most important factors of these developments is the use of imported intermediate input in production. In this context, the interdependencies of global markets, especially for developing countries, have increased. MINT countries, which known as developing countries, are also important which are integrated into international trade. With this context, the main purpose of the study is analyses to import dependency of both intermediate input and final demand in the MINT countries. Also, the import dependency of total export is analysed for sectors. In this study, the import dependency is analysed with input-output models. In this purpose the national input-output table, which in the OECD database, are used. According to results, it is determined that import dependency is high in the capital-intensive sectors, especially in the manufacturing industry in the MINT countries. Also, it was determinedthat import dependency is low in the labour-intensive and low-tech sectors.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, T., Daryanto, A., Oktaviani, R., & Priyarsono, D. S. (2018). Global value chain of Indonesian pulp and paper industry. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 15(2), 118-128. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.17358/jma.15.2.118
  • Akpan, U. S., Isihak, S. R., & Asongu, S. A. (2014). Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Fast-Growing Economies: A Study of BRIC and MINT. AGDI Working Paper(WP/14/002). African Govarnance and Development Institute. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2493410
  • Amar, A., Landau, M. T., & Wikierman, A. (2016). Descomposicion alternativa de los componentes de la demanda agregada. Estudios Y Perspectivas(47), 1-29. https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/40476/S1600705_es.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y adresinden alındı
  • Aydoğuş, O. (2015). Girdi-çıktı modellerine giriş. Ankara: Efil Yayınevi.
  • Banacloche, S., & Cadarso, M. Á. (2020). Implications of measuring value added in exports with a regional input-output table: a case of study in South America. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 52, 130-140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2019.08.003.
  • Bravo, A. C., & Alvarez, T. M. (2012). The import content of the industrial sectors in Spain. Economic Bulletien, 81, 81-92. https://ideas.repec.org/a/bde/journl/y2012i04n03.html adresinden alındı
  • Casadella, V. (2018). Innovation Sysyems in emerging economies (Cilt 8). London: Wiley.
  • Chen, H.-Y., & Chang, Y.-M. (2006). Trade verticality and structural change in industries: the cases of Taiwan and South Korea. Open Economies Review, 17, 321-340. doi:10.1007/s11079-006-9052-y
  • Constantinescu, C., Mattoo, A., & Ruta, M. (2019). Does vertical specialisation increase productivity? The World Economy, 42, 2385-2402. doi:10.1111/twec.12801
  • Cordoso, F., Esteves, P. S., & Rua, A. (2013). The import content of global demand in Portugal. Economic Bulletin, 19(3), 107-121. https://www.bportugal.pt/sites/default/files/anexos/papers/ab201314_e.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Cruz, J. D., Koopman, R. B., Wang, Z., & Wei, S.-J. (2013). Foreign and Domestic Content in Mexico’s manufacturing. A. Mattoo, Z. Wang, & S.-J. Wei içinde, Trade in value added: developing new measures of cross-border trade (s. 135-160). Washington: The World Bank.
  • Dağıstan, N. (2019). Türkiye'nin dış ticaretindeki dikey uzmanlaşmanın girdi-çıktı modeli ile analizi. Fiscaoeconomia, 3(2), 1-20. doi:10.25295/fsecon.2019.02.001 Duman, A., & Özgüzer, G. E. (2013). An input-output analysis of rising imports in Turkey. Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 23(84), 39-54. doi:10.5455/ey.34105
  • Durotoye, A. (2014). The MINT countries as emerging economic power bloc: prospect and challenges. Developing Country Studies, 4(15), 99-106. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/143491048.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Foster-McGregor, N., & Stehrer, R. (2013). Value added content of trade: a comprehensive approach. Economics Letters, 120, 354-357. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2013.05.003
  • Gandoy, R. (2017). La dependencia importadora de la economia Espanola. Estudios De Economia Aplicada, 35(1), 111-132. doi:10.25115/eea.v35i1.2440
  • Gündoğdu, C., & Saracoğlu, D. Ş. (2016). Participation of Turkey in global value chains: an analysis based on World Input Output Databese. ERC Working Papers in Economisc 16/10. Economic Research center. http://erc.metu.edu.tr/en/system/files/menu/series16/1610.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Hummels, D., Ishii, J., & Yi, K.-M. (2001). The nature and growth of vertical specialization in world trade. Journal of International Economics, 54, 75-96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1996(00)00093-3
  • Johnson, R. C., & Noguera, G. (2012). Accounting for intermediates: production sharing and trade in value added. 86, 224-236. doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2011.10.003
  • Lenee, T. L., & Oki, J. (2017). Capital market development and economic growth: evidence from the MINT countries. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 8(2), 68-107. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234647765.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Leontief, W. (1986). Input-output economics (2 b.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Lopes, J. C., & Santos, A. (2015). Vertical specialization, global value chains and the changing geography of trade: The Protuguese rubber and plastic industry case. Working Paper. Portugal: Lisbon School of Economics & Management. https://www.repository.utl.pt/bitstream/10400.5/9251/1/wp122015DEUECE.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Lopez, R. A., & Yadav, N. (2010). Imports of intermediate inputs and spillover effects: Evidence from Chilean plants. Journal of Development Studies, 46(8), 1385-1403. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380903428423
  • Mattioli, E., & Lamonica, G. R. (2015). The evolution of the vertical specialization in the world economy (1995-2011). Rivista Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, 69(3), 5-26. http://www.sieds.it/listing/RePEc/journl/2015LXIX_3_RIEDS_5-26_Mattioli_Ricciardo_Lamonica.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Mikulic, D., & Lovrincevic, Z. (2018). The import content of Croatian economic sectors and final demand. Economic Research, 31(1), 2003-2023. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2018.1480967
  • Pahl, S., & Timmer, M. P. (2019). Patterns of vertical specialisation in trade: Long-run evidence for 91 countries. Review of World Economics, 155, 459-486. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-019-00352-3
  • Raa, T. T. (2005). The economics of input-output analysis. Cambridge University Press.
  • Reis, H., & Rau, A. (2009). An input-output analysis: Linkages versus leakages. International Economic Journal, 23(4), 527-544. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10168730903372323
  • Rohman, I. K. (2013). The globalization and stagnation of the ICT sectors in European countries: An input-output analysis. Telecommunications Policy, 37, 387-399. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2012.05.001
  • Scherer, L., Koning, A. d., & Tukker, A. (2019). BRIC and MINT countries' environmental impacts rising despite alleviative consumption patterns. Science of the Total Environment, 665, 52-60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.103
  • Thirlwall, A. P. (1983). Growth and development with special reference to developing economies. London: Macmillan Education Ltd. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-06713-8
  • Timmer, M. P. (2015). An illustrated user guide to the World Input-Output Database: The case of global automotive production. Review of International Economics, 23(3), 575-605. doi:10.1111/roie.12178
  • Timmer, M. P., Miroudut, S., & Vries, G. J. (2019). Funtional specialisation in trade. Journal of Economic Geography, 19, 1-30. doi:10.1093/jeg/lby056
  • Veeramani, C. (2019). Fragmentation trade and vertical specialisation: How does South Asia compare with China. Journal of Asian Economic Integration, 1(1), 97-128. doi:10.1177/2631684618821550
  • Veeramani, C., & Dhir, G. (2017). Domestic value added content of India's exports: estimates for 112 Sectors, 1999-2000 to 2012-13. Workin Paper(WP-2017-008). Mumbai: Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research. http://www.igidr.ac.in/pdf/publication/WP-2017-008.pdf adresinden alındı

MINT Ülkelerinde Ara Girdi ve Nihai Talebin İthalat Bağımlılığı: Girdi-Çıktı Analizi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 69 - 95, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.25229/beta.890933

Öz

Dünyada dış ticaret serbestisi ile uluslararası ticarette hızlı gelişmeler meydana gelmiştir. Meydana gelen bu hızlı gelişmeler arasındaki en önemli gelişme, mal ve hizmet üretiminde yoğun bir şekilde ithal ara girdinin kullanılmasıdır. Özellikle gelişmekte olan ekonomiler başta olmak üzere küresel piyasaların karşılıklı bağımlılıkları artış göstermiştir. Gelişmekte olan ekonomiler kategorisinde yer alan MINT ülkeleri de uluslararası ticarete entegre olmuş önemli ekonomilerdir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın temel amacı MINT ülkelerinin mal ve hizmet üretim faaliyetlerinde hem ara girdi hem de nihai talebin ithalat bağımlılığını analiz etmektir. Ayrıca sektörel bağlamda yapılan toplam ihracatın ithalat bağımlılığı da analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada girdi-çıktı modelleri ile ithalat bağımlılığı analiz edilmiştir. Bu amaçla OECD veri tabanında yer alan ulusal girdi-çıktı tabloları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre MINT ülkelerinde imalat sanayii başta olmak üzere genel olarak sermaye yoğun sektörlerde ithalat bağımlılığının yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Emek yoğun ve düşük teknolojili sektörlerde ise ithalat bağımlılığının düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, T., Daryanto, A., Oktaviani, R., & Priyarsono, D. S. (2018). Global value chain of Indonesian pulp and paper industry. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 15(2), 118-128. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.17358/jma.15.2.118
  • Akpan, U. S., Isihak, S. R., & Asongu, S. A. (2014). Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in Fast-Growing Economies: A Study of BRIC and MINT. AGDI Working Paper(WP/14/002). African Govarnance and Development Institute. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2493410
  • Amar, A., Landau, M. T., & Wikierman, A. (2016). Descomposicion alternativa de los componentes de la demanda agregada. Estudios Y Perspectivas(47), 1-29. https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/40476/S1600705_es.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y adresinden alındı
  • Aydoğuş, O. (2015). Girdi-çıktı modellerine giriş. Ankara: Efil Yayınevi.
  • Banacloche, S., & Cadarso, M. Á. (2020). Implications of measuring value added in exports with a regional input-output table: a case of study in South America. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 52, 130-140. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2019.08.003.
  • Bravo, A. C., & Alvarez, T. M. (2012). The import content of the industrial sectors in Spain. Economic Bulletien, 81, 81-92. https://ideas.repec.org/a/bde/journl/y2012i04n03.html adresinden alındı
  • Casadella, V. (2018). Innovation Sysyems in emerging economies (Cilt 8). London: Wiley.
  • Chen, H.-Y., & Chang, Y.-M. (2006). Trade verticality and structural change in industries: the cases of Taiwan and South Korea. Open Economies Review, 17, 321-340. doi:10.1007/s11079-006-9052-y
  • Constantinescu, C., Mattoo, A., & Ruta, M. (2019). Does vertical specialisation increase productivity? The World Economy, 42, 2385-2402. doi:10.1111/twec.12801
  • Cordoso, F., Esteves, P. S., & Rua, A. (2013). The import content of global demand in Portugal. Economic Bulletin, 19(3), 107-121. https://www.bportugal.pt/sites/default/files/anexos/papers/ab201314_e.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Cruz, J. D., Koopman, R. B., Wang, Z., & Wei, S.-J. (2013). Foreign and Domestic Content in Mexico’s manufacturing. A. Mattoo, Z. Wang, & S.-J. Wei içinde, Trade in value added: developing new measures of cross-border trade (s. 135-160). Washington: The World Bank.
  • Dağıstan, N. (2019). Türkiye'nin dış ticaretindeki dikey uzmanlaşmanın girdi-çıktı modeli ile analizi. Fiscaoeconomia, 3(2), 1-20. doi:10.25295/fsecon.2019.02.001 Duman, A., & Özgüzer, G. E. (2013). An input-output analysis of rising imports in Turkey. Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 23(84), 39-54. doi:10.5455/ey.34105
  • Durotoye, A. (2014). The MINT countries as emerging economic power bloc: prospect and challenges. Developing Country Studies, 4(15), 99-106. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/143491048.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Foster-McGregor, N., & Stehrer, R. (2013). Value added content of trade: a comprehensive approach. Economics Letters, 120, 354-357. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2013.05.003
  • Gandoy, R. (2017). La dependencia importadora de la economia Espanola. Estudios De Economia Aplicada, 35(1), 111-132. doi:10.25115/eea.v35i1.2440
  • Gündoğdu, C., & Saracoğlu, D. Ş. (2016). Participation of Turkey in global value chains: an analysis based on World Input Output Databese. ERC Working Papers in Economisc 16/10. Economic Research center. http://erc.metu.edu.tr/en/system/files/menu/series16/1610.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Hummels, D., Ishii, J., & Yi, K.-M. (2001). The nature and growth of vertical specialization in world trade. Journal of International Economics, 54, 75-96. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1996(00)00093-3
  • Johnson, R. C., & Noguera, G. (2012). Accounting for intermediates: production sharing and trade in value added. 86, 224-236. doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2011.10.003
  • Lenee, T. L., & Oki, J. (2017). Capital market development and economic growth: evidence from the MINT countries. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 8(2), 68-107. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234647765.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Leontief, W. (1986). Input-output economics (2 b.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Lopes, J. C., & Santos, A. (2015). Vertical specialization, global value chains and the changing geography of trade: The Protuguese rubber and plastic industry case. Working Paper. Portugal: Lisbon School of Economics & Management. https://www.repository.utl.pt/bitstream/10400.5/9251/1/wp122015DEUECE.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Lopez, R. A., & Yadav, N. (2010). Imports of intermediate inputs and spillover effects: Evidence from Chilean plants. Journal of Development Studies, 46(8), 1385-1403. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380903428423
  • Mattioli, E., & Lamonica, G. R. (2015). The evolution of the vertical specialization in the world economy (1995-2011). Rivista Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, 69(3), 5-26. http://www.sieds.it/listing/RePEc/journl/2015LXIX_3_RIEDS_5-26_Mattioli_Ricciardo_Lamonica.pdf adresinden alındı
  • Mikulic, D., & Lovrincevic, Z. (2018). The import content of Croatian economic sectors and final demand. Economic Research, 31(1), 2003-2023. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2018.1480967
  • Pahl, S., & Timmer, M. P. (2019). Patterns of vertical specialisation in trade: Long-run evidence for 91 countries. Review of World Economics, 155, 459-486. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-019-00352-3
  • Raa, T. T. (2005). The economics of input-output analysis. Cambridge University Press.
  • Reis, H., & Rau, A. (2009). An input-output analysis: Linkages versus leakages. International Economic Journal, 23(4), 527-544. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10168730903372323
  • Rohman, I. K. (2013). The globalization and stagnation of the ICT sectors in European countries: An input-output analysis. Telecommunications Policy, 37, 387-399. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2012.05.001
  • Scherer, L., Koning, A. d., & Tukker, A. (2019). BRIC and MINT countries' environmental impacts rising despite alleviative consumption patterns. Science of the Total Environment, 665, 52-60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.103
  • Thirlwall, A. P. (1983). Growth and development with special reference to developing economies. London: Macmillan Education Ltd. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-06713-8
  • Timmer, M. P. (2015). An illustrated user guide to the World Input-Output Database: The case of global automotive production. Review of International Economics, 23(3), 575-605. doi:10.1111/roie.12178
  • Timmer, M. P., Miroudut, S., & Vries, G. J. (2019). Funtional specialisation in trade. Journal of Economic Geography, 19, 1-30. doi:10.1093/jeg/lby056
  • Veeramani, C. (2019). Fragmentation trade and vertical specialisation: How does South Asia compare with China. Journal of Asian Economic Integration, 1(1), 97-128. doi:10.1177/2631684618821550
  • Veeramani, C., & Dhir, G. (2017). Domestic value added content of India's exports: estimates for 112 Sectors, 1999-2000 to 2012-13. Workin Paper(WP-2017-008). Mumbai: Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research. http://www.igidr.ac.in/pdf/publication/WP-2017-008.pdf adresinden alındı
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Şahin Nas 0000-0003-3267-4432

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Mart 2021
Kabul Tarihi 25 Haziran 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Nas, Ş. (2021). MINT Ülkelerinde Ara Girdi ve Nihai Talebin İthalat Bağımlılığı: Girdi-Çıktı Analizi. Bulletin of Economic Theory and Analysis, 6(1), 69-95. https://doi.org/10.25229/beta.890933