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Covid-19 Salgını Sürecinde Diyalojik İletişim: Türkiye’deki Teknoparkların Sosyal Medya Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Analiz

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 60, 1 - 26, 16.07.2021

Öz

Covid-19 salgınının patlak vermesi ile birlikte, kurum ve organizasyonların bilgi üretip yaymaları ve kamularıyla iletişim kurmaları açısından sosyal medya hızlı bir şekilde elzem bir iletişim aracı olmuştur. Bu bağlamda, diğer pek çok organizasyon gibi teknoparkların da paydaşlarını bilgilendirmek ve onlarla iletişim kurmak amacıyla sosyal medya hesaplarını etkili bir şekilde kullanması önem kazanmıştır. Buradan hareketle, bu araştırma, Covid-19 salgınının ilk üç aylık (çeyrek) dönemde Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren teknoparkların hedef kitleleriyle sosyal medya hesaplarında nasıl bir iletişim biçimi sergilediğini ve diyalojik iletişim odaklı sosyal medya yönetimi açısından teknoparkların sosyal medya hesaplarının kalite endeksini ortaya koymayı amaç edinmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren aktif 70 teknoparkın sosyal medya hesabı (Facebook, Twitter ve Instagram), esasen Diyalojik İletişim Kuramı’na dayanan diyalojik unsurlar dikkate alınarak içerik çözümlemesi yoluyla incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen veriler göstermiştir ki, teknoparklar diyalojik unsurlardan yeterince başarılı olacak şekilde faydalanmamış ve sosyal medya hesaplarını bu salgın döneminde sadece bilgi yaymak amacıyla, hedef kitleleri ile diyalog kurmaktan uzak bir şekilde yönetmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular göz önüne alınarak gelecek çalışmalar ve uygulayıcılar için diyalojik iletişim odaklı sosyal medya yönetimi konusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, Ö., & Günay, A. (2020). The early impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the global and Turkish economy. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 50, 520-526. DOI: 10.3906/sag-2004-6
  • Arslan, C. (2019). An analysis of Instagram’s dialogical communication building potential in Turkish Theater Institutions. Sanat & Tasarım Dergisi, 84-98.
  • Aslan, A. (2017). Web sitelerinin birer diyalojik iletişim aracı olarak kullanımı üzerine bir değerlendirme: Türkiye’deki büyükşehir belediyeleri örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22, 2425-2436.
  • Banga, K., & Willem te Velde, D. (2020). Covid-19 and disruption of the digital economy; evidence from low and middle-income countries. Digital Pathways Paper Series 7, Oxford, UK: Digital Pathways at Oxford.
  • Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. New York, USA: Free Press.
  • Beverly, J. A. (2013). Public relations models and dialogic communication in the Twitterverse: An analysis of how colleges and universities are engaging their publics through Twitter (Doctoral Dissertation). Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1180&context=dissertations.
  • Breakenridge, D. (2008). PR 2.0: New media, new tools, new audiences. Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press, Pearson Education.
  • Bulut, F. (2020, June 5). Turkey cancels initially planned weekend curfew [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/en/turkey/turkey-cancels-initially-planned-weekend-curfew/1866301
  • Cansız, M., & Tekneci, P. D. (2018). Innovative and technology-based women entrepreneurs in Turkey: Capital and performance. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, 57, 151-183. DOI: 10.26650/JECS372449
  • Capriotti, P., & Losada-Díaz, J.-C. (2018). Facebook as a dialogic communication tool at the most visited museums of the world. El profesional de la información, 27(3), 642-650. DOI: 10.3145/epi.2018.may.17
  • Chen, Z. F., Ji, Y. G., & Men, L. R. (2017). Strategic use of social media for stakeholder engagement in startup companies in China. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 11(3), 244-267. DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2017.1298114
  • Cukurova Expres. (2020, July 07). Yeni Normalimiz “Sanal Dünya” [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://www.cukurovaexpres.com/ozel-haber/yeni-normalimiz-sanal-dunya-h255492.html.
  • del Mar Gálvez-Rodríguez, M., Caba-Pérez, C., & López-Godoy, M. (2016). Drivers of Twitter as a strategic communication tool for non-profit organizations. Internet Research, 26(5), 1052-1071. DOI: 10.1108/IntR-07-2014-0188
  • Durmuş, Y. Z. (2020, June 1). ‘New normal’ begins in Turkey as most pandemic-related restrictions lifted [Web log post]. Received from https://www.dailysabah.com/turkey/new-normal-begins-in-turkey-as-most-pandemic-related-restrictions-lifted/news?gallery_image=undefined#big
  • Erbay, E. R., & Arkan, D. (2019). Teknoparkların mevcut durumu. In: D. K. Dimitrov, D. Nikoloski & R. Yılmaz (Eds.), Prooceedings of XI. International Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences Congress Series (pp. 703-705), 9-10 March 2019, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
  • González-Padilla, D. A., & Tortolero-Blanco, L. (2020). Social media influence in the covid-19 pandemic. International Brazilian Journal of Urology, 46(1), 120-124. DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.S121
  • Grunig, J. E., & Hunt, T. (1984). Managing public relations. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
  • Hahn, S. M., & McMeekin, J. A. (2020, February 24). Coronavirus Update: FDA steps to ensure quality of foreign products [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-update-fda-steps-ensure-quality-foreign-products
  • Haro-de-Rosario, A., Sáez-Martín, A., & del Mar Gálvez-Rodríguez, M. (2017). Facebook as a dialogic strategic tool for European local governments. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 50, 73-89. DOI: 10.24193/tras.2017.0005
  • Heath, R. L., & Bowen, S. A. (2002). The public relations philosophy of John W. Hill: Bricks in the foundation of issues management. Journal of Public Affairs, 2(4), 230-246. DOI: 10.1002/pa.116
  • Hussein, A. T., & Aljamili, L. N. (2020). Covid-19 humor in Jordanian social media: A socio-semiotic approach. Heliyon, 6, 1-12, DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05696
  • Kandemir, T., & İlter, B. (2019). Girişimcilik faaliyetlerinde Teknoparkların önemi: Afyon-Uşak Zafer Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgesi örneği. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21(4), 1216-1229. DOI: 10.32709/akusosbil.515847
  • Katz, R., Callorda, F., & Jung, J. (2020). Can digitization mitigate covid-19 damages? Evidence from developing countries [Web log post]. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3600829. Retrieved from http://www.teleadvs.com/wp-content/uploads/SSRN-id3600829.pdf
  • Kemna, T. (2013). Dialogue, Twitter and new technology-based firms: The communication practice on a social medium (Master’s Thesis, Stockholm University, Finland). Retrieved from http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:629600/FULLTEXT01.pdf
  • Kent, M. L. (2017). Principles of dialogue and the history of dialogic theory in public relations. In: X. Chen (Ed.), Prospect of Public Relations Science (pp.105-129). Beijing, China: Peking University Press.
  • Kent, M. L., & Taylor, M. (1998). Building dialogic relationships through the World Wide Web. Public Relations Review, 24(3), 321-334.
  • Kent, M. L., & Taylor, M. (2002). Toward a dialogic theory of public relations. Public Relations Review, 28(1), 21-37.
  • Kim, D., Chun, H., Kwak, Y., & Nam, Y. (2014a). The employment of dialogic principles in website, Facebook, and Twitter platforms of environmental nonprofit organizations. Social Science Computer Review, 32(5), 590-605. DOI: 10.1177/0894439314525752
  • Kim, D., Kim, J.-H., & Nam, Y. (2014b). How does industry use social networking sites? An analysis of corporate dialogic uses of Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, and Linkedin by industry type. Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, 48(5), 2605-2614. DOI: 10.1007/s11135-013-9910-9
  • Krippendorf, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd Edition). Thousand Oaks, California, USA: SAGE Publications.
  • Linvill, D. L., McGee, S. E., & Hicks, L. K. (2012). Colleges’ and universities’ use of Twitter: A content analysis. Public Relations Review, 38, 636-638. DOI: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.05.010
  • McAllister-Spooner, S.M. (2009). Fulfilling the dialogic promise: a ten-year reflective survey on dialogic internet principles. Public Relations Review, 35(3), 320-322.
  • Men, L. R., Ji, Y. G., & Chen, Z. F. (2017). Dialogues with entrepreneurs in China: How start-up companies cultivate relationships with strategic publics. Journal of Public Relations Research, 29(2-3), 90-113. DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2017.1329736
  • Men, L.R., Tsai, W.H.S., Chen, Z.F., & Ji, Y.G. (2018). Social presence and digital dialogic communication: engagement lessons from top social CEOs. Journal of Public Relations Research, 30(3), 83-99.
  • Navarro-Ruiz, C., & Humanes Humanes, M. L. (2012). Corporate blogging in Spanish companies. Design and application of a quality index (ICB). Comunicacion Y Sociedad, 27(2), 117-144.
  • Nielsen, R. K., Fletcher, R., Kalogeropoulos, A., & Simon, F. (2020, October 27). Communications in the coronavirus crisis: Lessons for the second wave [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/communications-coronavirus-crisis-lessons-second-wave
  • Oltarzhevskyi, D., Kliuchnykova, O., Sokolova, K., & Tsymbalenko, Y. (2018). Communication pecularities of international and Ukrainian brands in social networks (facebook, twitter, instagram). Science and Education a New Dimension: Humanities and Social Sciences, 6(31), 69-73.
  • Pang, A., Shin, W., Lew, Z., & Walther, J. B. (2018). Building relationships through dialogic communication: organizations, stakeholders, and computer-mediated communication. Journal of Marketing Communications, 24(1), 68-82. DOI: 10.1080/13527266.2016.1269019
  • Paril, B. (2020, July 23). 2020 Trends: Covid impact on time spent with media [Web log post]. Received from https://www.digitalremedy.com/2020-trends-covid-impact-on-time-spent-with-media/
  • Rybalko, S., & Seltzer, T. (2010). Dialogic communication in 140 characters or less: How fortune 500 companies engage stakeholders using Twitter. Public Relations Review, 36, 336-341. DOI: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2010.08.004
  • Sáez Martín, A., de Rosario, A. H., & Caba Pérez, M. D. C. (2015) Using Twitter for dialogic communication: local government strategies in the European union. Local Government Studies, 41(3), 421-444. DOI: 10.1080/03003930.2014.991866
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Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 60, 1 - 26, 16.07.2021

Öz

With the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, social media has promptly become an essential communication tool for institutions and organizations to generate and disseminate information as well as building effective dialogue with the public. In this regard, it was vital for technoparks like many other organizations to effectively manage their social media accounts in order to inform and communicate with their stakeholders. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate how technoparks in Turkey used their social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram) during the first three months of the Covid-19 pandemic to facilitate dialogic communication with stakeholders, and to present the quality index of technoparks in terms of dialogic communication in social media management. In line with this aim, a content analysis of social media profiles maintained by 70 active technoparks examines the use of dialogic features originally developed in Dialogic Communication Theory. Results indicate that technoparks could not fully utilize the dialogic features of the social media platforms and that they mostly preferred to manage their social media platforms to disseminate information, which means they were away from dialogue. Recommendations are made for future studies and practitioners in terms of dialogic communication in social media management.

Kaynakça

  • Açıkgöz, Ö., & Günay, A. (2020). The early impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the global and Turkish economy. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 50, 520-526. DOI: 10.3906/sag-2004-6
  • Arslan, C. (2019). An analysis of Instagram’s dialogical communication building potential in Turkish Theater Institutions. Sanat & Tasarım Dergisi, 84-98.
  • Aslan, A. (2017). Web sitelerinin birer diyalojik iletişim aracı olarak kullanımı üzerine bir değerlendirme: Türkiye’deki büyükşehir belediyeleri örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 22, 2425-2436.
  • Banga, K., & Willem te Velde, D. (2020). Covid-19 and disruption of the digital economy; evidence from low and middle-income countries. Digital Pathways Paper Series 7, Oxford, UK: Digital Pathways at Oxford.
  • Berelson, B. (1952). Content analysis in communication research. New York, USA: Free Press.
  • Beverly, J. A. (2013). Public relations models and dialogic communication in the Twitterverse: An analysis of how colleges and universities are engaging their publics through Twitter (Doctoral Dissertation). Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1180&context=dissertations.
  • Breakenridge, D. (2008). PR 2.0: New media, new tools, new audiences. Upper Saddle River, NJ: FT Press, Pearson Education.
  • Bulut, F. (2020, June 5). Turkey cancels initially planned weekend curfew [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://www.aa.com.tr/en/turkey/turkey-cancels-initially-planned-weekend-curfew/1866301
  • Cansız, M., & Tekneci, P. D. (2018). Innovative and technology-based women entrepreneurs in Turkey: Capital and performance. Journal of Economy Culture and Society, 57, 151-183. DOI: 10.26650/JECS372449
  • Capriotti, P., & Losada-Díaz, J.-C. (2018). Facebook as a dialogic communication tool at the most visited museums of the world. El profesional de la información, 27(3), 642-650. DOI: 10.3145/epi.2018.may.17
  • Chen, Z. F., Ji, Y. G., & Men, L. R. (2017). Strategic use of social media for stakeholder engagement in startup companies in China. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 11(3), 244-267. DOI: 10.1080/1553118X.2017.1298114
  • Cukurova Expres. (2020, July 07). Yeni Normalimiz “Sanal Dünya” [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://www.cukurovaexpres.com/ozel-haber/yeni-normalimiz-sanal-dunya-h255492.html.
  • del Mar Gálvez-Rodríguez, M., Caba-Pérez, C., & López-Godoy, M. (2016). Drivers of Twitter as a strategic communication tool for non-profit organizations. Internet Research, 26(5), 1052-1071. DOI: 10.1108/IntR-07-2014-0188
  • Durmuş, Y. Z. (2020, June 1). ‘New normal’ begins in Turkey as most pandemic-related restrictions lifted [Web log post]. Received from https://www.dailysabah.com/turkey/new-normal-begins-in-turkey-as-most-pandemic-related-restrictions-lifted/news?gallery_image=undefined#big
  • Erbay, E. R., & Arkan, D. (2019). Teknoparkların mevcut durumu. In: D. K. Dimitrov, D. Nikoloski & R. Yılmaz (Eds.), Prooceedings of XI. International Balkan and Near Eastern Social Sciences Congress Series (pp. 703-705), 9-10 March 2019, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
  • González-Padilla, D. A., & Tortolero-Blanco, L. (2020). Social media influence in the covid-19 pandemic. International Brazilian Journal of Urology, 46(1), 120-124. DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.S121
  • Grunig, J. E., & Hunt, T. (1984). Managing public relations. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
  • Hahn, S. M., & McMeekin, J. A. (2020, February 24). Coronavirus Update: FDA steps to ensure quality of foreign products [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-update-fda-steps-ensure-quality-foreign-products
  • Haro-de-Rosario, A., Sáez-Martín, A., & del Mar Gálvez-Rodríguez, M. (2017). Facebook as a dialogic strategic tool for European local governments. Transylvanian Review of Administrative Sciences, 50, 73-89. DOI: 10.24193/tras.2017.0005
  • Heath, R. L., & Bowen, S. A. (2002). The public relations philosophy of John W. Hill: Bricks in the foundation of issues management. Journal of Public Affairs, 2(4), 230-246. DOI: 10.1002/pa.116
  • Hussein, A. T., & Aljamili, L. N. (2020). Covid-19 humor in Jordanian social media: A socio-semiotic approach. Heliyon, 6, 1-12, DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05696
  • Kandemir, T., & İlter, B. (2019). Girişimcilik faaliyetlerinde Teknoparkların önemi: Afyon-Uşak Zafer Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgesi örneği. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21(4), 1216-1229. DOI: 10.32709/akusosbil.515847
  • Katz, R., Callorda, F., & Jung, J. (2020). Can digitization mitigate covid-19 damages? Evidence from developing countries [Web log post]. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3600829. Retrieved from http://www.teleadvs.com/wp-content/uploads/SSRN-id3600829.pdf
  • Kemna, T. (2013). Dialogue, Twitter and new technology-based firms: The communication practice on a social medium (Master’s Thesis, Stockholm University, Finland). Retrieved from http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:629600/FULLTEXT01.pdf
  • Kent, M. L. (2017). Principles of dialogue and the history of dialogic theory in public relations. In: X. Chen (Ed.), Prospect of Public Relations Science (pp.105-129). Beijing, China: Peking University Press.
  • Kent, M. L., & Taylor, M. (1998). Building dialogic relationships through the World Wide Web. Public Relations Review, 24(3), 321-334.
  • Kent, M. L., & Taylor, M. (2002). Toward a dialogic theory of public relations. Public Relations Review, 28(1), 21-37.
  • Kim, D., Chun, H., Kwak, Y., & Nam, Y. (2014a). The employment of dialogic principles in website, Facebook, and Twitter platforms of environmental nonprofit organizations. Social Science Computer Review, 32(5), 590-605. DOI: 10.1177/0894439314525752
  • Kim, D., Kim, J.-H., & Nam, Y. (2014b). How does industry use social networking sites? An analysis of corporate dialogic uses of Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, and Linkedin by industry type. Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, 48(5), 2605-2614. DOI: 10.1007/s11135-013-9910-9
  • Krippendorf, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology (2nd Edition). Thousand Oaks, California, USA: SAGE Publications.
  • Linvill, D. L., McGee, S. E., & Hicks, L. K. (2012). Colleges’ and universities’ use of Twitter: A content analysis. Public Relations Review, 38, 636-638. DOI: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.05.010
  • McAllister-Spooner, S.M. (2009). Fulfilling the dialogic promise: a ten-year reflective survey on dialogic internet principles. Public Relations Review, 35(3), 320-322.
  • Men, L. R., Ji, Y. G., & Chen, Z. F. (2017). Dialogues with entrepreneurs in China: How start-up companies cultivate relationships with strategic publics. Journal of Public Relations Research, 29(2-3), 90-113. DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2017.1329736
  • Men, L.R., Tsai, W.H.S., Chen, Z.F., & Ji, Y.G. (2018). Social presence and digital dialogic communication: engagement lessons from top social CEOs. Journal of Public Relations Research, 30(3), 83-99.
  • Navarro-Ruiz, C., & Humanes Humanes, M. L. (2012). Corporate blogging in Spanish companies. Design and application of a quality index (ICB). Comunicacion Y Sociedad, 27(2), 117-144.
  • Nielsen, R. K., Fletcher, R., Kalogeropoulos, A., & Simon, F. (2020, October 27). Communications in the coronavirus crisis: Lessons for the second wave [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/communications-coronavirus-crisis-lessons-second-wave
  • Oltarzhevskyi, D., Kliuchnykova, O., Sokolova, K., & Tsymbalenko, Y. (2018). Communication pecularities of international and Ukrainian brands in social networks (facebook, twitter, instagram). Science and Education a New Dimension: Humanities and Social Sciences, 6(31), 69-73.
  • Pang, A., Shin, W., Lew, Z., & Walther, J. B. (2018). Building relationships through dialogic communication: organizations, stakeholders, and computer-mediated communication. Journal of Marketing Communications, 24(1), 68-82. DOI: 10.1080/13527266.2016.1269019
  • Paril, B. (2020, July 23). 2020 Trends: Covid impact on time spent with media [Web log post]. Received from https://www.digitalremedy.com/2020-trends-covid-impact-on-time-spent-with-media/
  • Rybalko, S., & Seltzer, T. (2010). Dialogic communication in 140 characters or less: How fortune 500 companies engage stakeholders using Twitter. Public Relations Review, 36, 336-341. DOI: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2010.08.004
  • Sáez Martín, A., de Rosario, A. H., & Caba Pérez, M. D. C. (2015) Using Twitter for dialogic communication: local government strategies in the European union. Local Government Studies, 41(3), 421-444. DOI: 10.1080/03003930.2014.991866
  • Saxton, G.D., & Waters, R.D. (2014). What do stakeholders like on Facebook? Examining public reactions to nonprofit organizations’ informational, promotional, and community-building messages. Journal of Public Relations Research, 26(3) 280-299.
  • Scott, W. (1955). Reliability of content analysis: The case of nominal scale coding. Public Opinion Quarterly, 19(3), 321-325. DOI: 10.1086/266577
  • Seltzer, T., & Mitrook, M. A. (2007). The dialogic potential of weblogs in relationship building. Public Relations Review, 33(2), 227-229. DOI: 10.1016/j.pubrev.2007.02.011
  • Shin, W., Pang, A. & Kim, H. J. (2015). Building relationships through integrated online media: Global organizations’ use of brand web sites, Facebook and Twitter. Journal of Business and Technical Communication, 29(2), 184-220. DOI: 10.1177/1050651914560569
  • Silahtaroğlu, G., Baykal, E., & Canbolat, Z. N. (2020). Weekly emotional changes amidst covid-19: Turkish experience. Ekonomi, İşletme ve Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(3), 280-304.
  • Silkü-Bilgilier, H. A., & Kocaömer, C. (2020). Instagram in the context of dialogic communication: A content analysis for top performing brands on Instagram. Global Media Journal TR Edition, 10(20), 114-129.
  • Socialbakers.com. (2020). Social media trends report: The effects of covid-19 on marketing [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://www.socialbakers.com/blog/social-media-trends-report-q1-2020
  • Solis, B. (2011). Engage: The complete guide for brands and businesses to build, cultivate, and measure success in the new web. USA: Wiley.
  • Sundstorm, B., & Levenshus, A. B. (2015). The art of engagement: dialogic strategies on Twitter. Journal of Communication Management, 21(1), 17-33. DOI: 10.1108/JCOM-07-2015-0057
  • Taylor, M., & Kent, M. L. (2014). Dialogic engagement: clarifying foundational concepts. Journal of Public Relations Research, 26(5), 384-398.
  • Taylor, M., Kent, M. L., & White, W. J. (2001). How activist organizations are using the Internet to build relationships. Public Relations Review, 27(3), 263-284. DOI:10.1016/S0363-8111(01)00086-8
  • Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı. (2020, June). Teknoloji Geliştirme Bölgeleri: Genel bilgiler [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://www.sanayi.gov.tr/istatistikler/istatistiki-bilgiler.
  • Türkeli, S., & Boyacı, A. R. (2019). Girişimci davranışlarının başlangıç aşamasındaki girişimlere etkisi: Türkiye Teknoparkları örneği. Girişimcilik ve İnovasyon Yönetimi Dergisi, 8(2), 21-38.
  • Uluslararası Dijital Medya ve İletişim Derneği. (2020, November 2020). Dijital medya alışkanlıkları ve pandemi araştırması [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://www.udm.org.tr/post/dijital-medya-al%C4%B1%C5%9Fkanl%C4%B1klar%C4%B1-ve-pandemi-ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmas%C4%B1
  • Wang, Y., & Yang, Y. (2020). Dialogic communication on social media: How organizations use twitter to build dialogic relationships with their publics. Computers in Human Behavior, 104, 1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.106183
  • We Are Social, & Hootsuite (2020). Digital 2020: Turkey [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2020-turkey
  • Wikipedia. (2020). Timeline of the covid-19 pandemic in Turkey [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Covid-19_pandemic_in_Turkey
  • Wold, S. (2020, September 16). Covid-19 is changing how, why and how much we’re using social media [Web log post]. Retrieved from https://www.digitalcommerce360.com/2020/09/16/covid-19-is-changing-how-why-and-how-much-were-using-social-media/
  • Yağmurlu, A. (2013). Diyalojik iletişim çerçevesinden Ankara büyükşehir belediyesi sosyal medya uygulamaları. Selçuk İletişim, 8(1), 95-115.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11th Ed.). Ankara, Turkey: Seçkin.
  • Yue, C. A., Thelen, P., Robinson, K., & Men, L. J. (2019). How do CEOs communicate on Twitter? A comparative study between fortune 200 companies and top startup companies. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 24(3), 532-552. DOI: 10.1108/CCIJ-03-2019-0031
Toplam 62 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hediye Aydoğan 0000-0001-9696-8742

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Temmuz 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 60

Kaynak Göster

APA Aydoğan, H. (2021). Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences(60), 1-26.
AMA Aydoğan H. Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. Temmuz 2021;(60):1-26.
Chicago Aydoğan, Hediye. “Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, sy. 60 (Temmuz 2021): 1-26.
EndNote Aydoğan H (01 Temmuz 2021) Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences 60 1–26.
IEEE H. Aydoğan, “Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey”, Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, sy. 60, ss. 1–26, Temmuz 2021.
ISNAD Aydoğan, Hediye. “Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences 60 (Temmuz 2021), 1-26.
JAMA Aydoğan H. Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2021;:1–26.
MLA Aydoğan, Hediye. “Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey”. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences, sy. 60, 2021, ss. 1-26.
Vancouver Aydoğan H. Dialogic Communication During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis on Technoparks’ Social Media Usage in Turkey. Connectist: Istanbul University Journal of Communication Sciences. 2021(60):1-26.