Internal Migrations as a Driving Force of Regional Disintegration: An Empirical Analysis of NUTS-2 Regions in Turkey
Öz
Ekonomik, politik veya sosyal nedenlerle ülke sınırları içindeki nüfus hareketlerini kapsayan iç göçler bölgesel dengesizliklerin hem sebebi hem de sonucu olarak ön plana çıkmaktadırlar. Bu çerçevede bölgeler arasındaki sosyo-kültürel ve iktisadi koşulların etkisi ile artan iç göçlerin gelişmiş ve azgelişmiş bölgeler üzerindeki etkisi farklılaşabilmektedir. Dengesizliğin yönü ise göçlerin farklı gelişmişlik düzeyine sahip bölgelerin ücret, üretim, tüketim, beşeri sermaye düzeyi, girişimci göçü, işsizlik, hane halkı geliri gibi parametleri ne oranda etkilediği ile doğrudan ilişkilidir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de Düzey-2 bölgelerinde 2008-2019 döneminde iç göçlerin bölgesel dengesizlikler üzerindeki etkisi Bootstrap Kantil Regresyon yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz bulgularına göre iç göçler, tüm Düzey-2 bölgelerinde büyümeyi artırmakta ancak bu etki yüksek gelir düzeylerinde daha güçlüdür. Bu bağlamda, bölgelerin gelir düzeyleri arttıkça net göçün büyüme üzerindeki etkisi de artmaktadır. Göç yönünün düşük gelirli bölgelerden yüksek gelirli bölgelere doğru olduğu göz önüne alındığında, Türkiye'de iç göçlerin bölgeler arasındaki ayrışmayı artırdığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
İç göç bölgesel ayrışma bölgesel farklılıklar bölgesel dengesizlik bootstrap kantil regresyon.
Kaynakça
- Ackah, C., & Denis, M. (2012). Internal migration in Ghana: Determinants and welfare impacts. International Journal of Social Economics, 39(10), 764–784.
- Adams, R. H., & Alfredo, C. (2013). The impact of remittances on investment and poverty in Ghana. World Development, 50, 24–40.
- Airola, J. (2007). The use of remittance income in Mexico. International Migration Review, 41(4), 850–859.4
- Amuedo-Dorantes, C., & Pozo, S. (2010). Accounting for remittance and migration effects on children’s schooling. World Development, 38(12), 1747–1759.
- Barro, R. J., & Sala-i-Martin, X. (2004). Economic Growth (2nd ed.). MIT Press.
- Bayraktar, Y., & Özyılmaz, A. (2017). The role of internal migration on regional inequality: Turkey example. Turkish Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Special Issue, 9–30
- Bayraktar, Y., & Özyılmaz, A. (2018). Regional analysis of internal migration and poverty relationship in Turkey. Journal of European Theoretical and Applied Studies, 6(2), 1–11.
- Bayraktar, Y., & Özyılmaz, A. (2019). Türkiye’de iç göç ve ekonomik büyüme. İş ve Hayat, 5(9), 100–111.
- Bayraktar, Y., Özyılmaz, A., Toprak, M., Işık, E., Büyükakın, F., & Olgun, M. F. (2020). Role of the health system in combating Covid-19: Cross-section analysis and artificial neural network simulation for 124 country cases. Social Work in Public Health, 35, 1–16.
- Borozan, D. (2017). Internal migration, regional economic convergence, and growth in Croatia. International Regional Science Review, 40(2), 141–163.
- Boyd, M. (1989). Family and personal networks in international migration: Recent developments and new agendas. International Migration Review, 23(3), 638–670.
- Broeck, K. V. D., & Helene, B. L. (2011). Economic drivers of migration and climate change in LDCs. Global Environmental Change, 21(1), 70–81.
- Buchinsky, M. (1998). Recent advances in quantile regression models: A practical guideline for empirical research. Journal of human resources, 33(1), 88–126.
- Bunea, D. (2011). Cross-country internal migration and convergence in Romania. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, 13(2), 508–521.
- Čiarnienė, R., & Kumpikaitė, V. (2008). The impact of globalization on migration processes. Socialiniai Tyrimai, 3(13), 42–48.
- Coulombe, S., & Tremblay, J. F. (2009). Migration and skills disparities across the Canadian provinces. Regional Studies, 43(1), 5–18.
Internal Migrations as a Driving Force of Regional Disintegration: An Empirical Analysis of NUTS-2 Regions in Turkey
Öz
Internal migrations, which involve population movements within the borders of a country for economic, political or social reasons, is seen as both a cause and a result of regional imbalances. In this framework, the effect increasing internal migrations have on developed and underdeveloped regions may differ through the effect of the different socio-cultural and economic conditions between regions. The aspect of imbalance is directly related to the extent to which migration affects parameters such as wage, production, consumption, human capital levels, entrepreneurial migration, unemployment, and household income in regions with different stages of development. This study analyzes the effect internal migration has on regional imbalances in Turkey’s NUTS-2 regions during 2008-2019 using the bootstrap quantile regression method. According to the analysis findings, internal migration increases growth in all NUTS-2 regions, but this effect is stronger at higher income levels. In this context, as a region’s income levels increase, the effect of net migration on growth also increases. When considering the migration direction to be from low-income regions to high-income regions, internal migration has been found to increase interregional disintegration in Turkey.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Internal migration regional disintegration regional disparities regional imbalance bootstrap quantile regression.
Kaynakça
- Ackah, C., & Denis, M. (2012). Internal migration in Ghana: Determinants and welfare impacts. International Journal of Social Economics, 39(10), 764–784.
- Adams, R. H., & Alfredo, C. (2013). The impact of remittances on investment and poverty in Ghana. World Development, 50, 24–40.
- Airola, J. (2007). The use of remittance income in Mexico. International Migration Review, 41(4), 850–859.4
- Amuedo-Dorantes, C., & Pozo, S. (2010). Accounting for remittance and migration effects on children’s schooling. World Development, 38(12), 1747–1759.
- Barro, R. J., & Sala-i-Martin, X. (2004). Economic Growth (2nd ed.). MIT Press.
- Bayraktar, Y., & Özyılmaz, A. (2017). The role of internal migration on regional inequality: Turkey example. Turkish Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Special Issue, 9–30
- Bayraktar, Y., & Özyılmaz, A. (2018). Regional analysis of internal migration and poverty relationship in Turkey. Journal of European Theoretical and Applied Studies, 6(2), 1–11.
- Bayraktar, Y., & Özyılmaz, A. (2019). Türkiye’de iç göç ve ekonomik büyüme. İş ve Hayat, 5(9), 100–111.
- Bayraktar, Y., Özyılmaz, A., Toprak, M., Işık, E., Büyükakın, F., & Olgun, M. F. (2020). Role of the health system in combating Covid-19: Cross-section analysis and artificial neural network simulation for 124 country cases. Social Work in Public Health, 35, 1–16.
- Borozan, D. (2017). Internal migration, regional economic convergence, and growth in Croatia. International Regional Science Review, 40(2), 141–163.
- Boyd, M. (1989). Family and personal networks in international migration: Recent developments and new agendas. International Migration Review, 23(3), 638–670.
- Broeck, K. V. D., & Helene, B. L. (2011). Economic drivers of migration and climate change in LDCs. Global Environmental Change, 21(1), 70–81.
- Buchinsky, M. (1998). Recent advances in quantile regression models: A practical guideline for empirical research. Journal of human resources, 33(1), 88–126.
- Bunea, D. (2011). Cross-country internal migration and convergence in Romania. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, 13(2), 508–521.
- Čiarnienė, R., & Kumpikaitė, V. (2008). The impact of globalization on migration processes. Socialiniai Tyrimai, 3(13), 42–48.
- Coulombe, S., & Tremblay, J. F. (2009). Migration and skills disparities across the Canadian provinces. Regional Studies, 43(1), 5–18.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sosyoloji |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Eylül 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3 |
