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WITHIN THE THEORY OF PUBLIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF SOEs

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 18 - 35, 16.01.2023

Dilek Akbaş Akdoğan

https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1136852

Öz

Although entrepreneurship is often regarded as an activity largely attributed to the private sector, entrepreneurial activity is classified into two groups as private sector entrepreneurship and public entrepreneurship. As public sector entrepreneurship, State Economic Enterprises (SOEs) have important shares in the economies of many countries around the world. In the study, SOEs are discussed in terms of the theoretical foundations and development of public entrepreneurship. Restructuring and reform processes of SOEs from past to present have been evaluated, and policy recommendations have been made to increase the performance of SOEs today. In this context, emphasis was placed on good governance and reforms to increase the performance of SOEs. Transparency, accountability, effective audit, sound footing administrative and legal ground are essential elements for good governance. It is predicted that SOEs that do not distort the competitive environment and have an entrepreneurial spirit will successfully carry out their activities in the economy. Following the guidelines and principles determined by international organizations by SOEs will contribute to policy success by providing standardization in governance and increasing transparency. In order to increase SOEs’ performance, SOEs need to follow and use technology closely and turn to entrepreneurial and innovation policies. Increasing the institutional quality, in this context, improving corporate responsibility, clearly delineating regulatory and institutional frameworks will contribute to increasing the effectiveness and productivity of SOEs. Although the quantities of SOEEs vary depending on the economic systems of the countries and the understanding of the state they adopt, it is seen that their qualities in the economy are quite essential.

Anahtar Kelimeler

: State Owned Enterprise(SOEs) Public Enterprise Government Corporations

Kaynakça

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  • Appana, S. (2003). New public managment and poblic enterprise restructuring in Fiji, Pacific Studies 1(1), 51-73.
  • Bałtowski, M. & Kwiatkowski, G. (2022). State-Owned Enterprises in the Global Economy, Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003244462
  • Barzelay, M. (1992). Breaking Through Bureaucracy: A New Vision for Managing in Government (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press).
  • Bellone, C. J. & Goerl, G. F. (1992). Reconciling public entrepreneurship and democracy. Public Administration Review, 52(2),130-134.
  • Bernier, L. & Hafsi, T. (2007). The Changing Nature of Public Entrepreneurship. Public Administration Review, 67(3), 488-503.
  • Böwer, U. (2017). State-Owned Enterprises in Emerging Europe: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. IMF, IMF Working Papers, 17(221).
  • Brennan, G. & Buchanan, J. M. (1984). Voter Choice: Evaluating Political Alternatives. American Behavioral Scientist, 28(2), 185-201.
  • Brown, C. & Thornton, M. (2013). How Entrepreneurship Theory Created Economics, The Quarterly J. of Austrian Economics, 16(4), 401-419.
  • Bryson, J., Crosby, B. C. & Bloomberg, L. (2014). Public Value Governance: Moving Beyond Traditional Public Administration and the New Public Management Public Administration Review, 74( 4), s.445-456.
  • Buchanan, J. M. (1975). Public Finance And Public Choice. National Tax Journal, 28(4), 383- 394.
  • Cantillon, R. (1959). Essai sur la Nature du Commerce Général (ikinci baskı), Edited and translated by Henry Higgs. Frank Class and Company Ltd.
  • Choski, A. M. (1979). State Intervention in the Industrialization of Developing Countries: Selected Issues (SWP341). WB Working Papers.
  • Christiansen, H. (2013). Balancing Commercial and NonCommercial Priorities of State-Owned Enterprises. OECD Corporate Governance Working Papers, No.6.
  • Christiansen, H., & Kim, Y. (2014). State-Invested Enterprises in the Global Market¬place: Implications for a Level Playing Field (No. 14). OECD Corporate Governance Working Papers. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • Çetinkaya, Ö. (2012). Türkiye'de Kamu İşletmeciliği ve Özelleştirme, Ekin Kitabevi.
  • De Lange, B., & Merlevede, B. (2020). State-Owned Enterprises across Europe: Stylized Facts from a Large Firm-level Dataset. Working Papers of Faculty of Econom¬ics and Business Administration, Ghent University, (20/1006).
  • Diefenbach, F. E. (2011). Entrepreneurship in the Public Sector. Gabler Research.
  • Drucker, P. F. (1985). Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Harper & Row Publishers.
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  • Edwards, C., Jones, G., Lawton, A. & Llewellyn, N. (2002). Public Entrepreneurship: Rhetoric, Reality, And Context, International Journal of Public Administration, 25(12), 1539-1554.
  • Eren, A. A. & Şimşek, O. (2022). Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüslerinin ve Özelleştirmenin Ekonomi Politiği: Türkiye Örneği. Cumhuriyet Ünv. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 23(1),337-361.
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  • Gruening, G. (2001). Origin and theoretical basis of new public management, International Public Management J., 4(1), s.1-25.
  • Hanke, S. H. (1987). The Necessity of Property Rights. S. H. Hanke(Ed). Privatization and Development (s.47-51)içinde. International Center For Economic Growth Ics Press.
  • Haskel, J. & Sanchis, A. (1995). Privatization and X‐Inefficiency: A Bargaining Approach. The J. of Industrial Economics, 43(3), 301‐321.
  • Hayter, C., Link, A. & Scott, J. T. (2018). Public Sector Entrepreneurship. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 34(4), 676–694.
  • Hemming, R. & Mansoor A.M. (1987). Privatization and Public Enterprises (WP87/9) IMF WP.
  • Hood, C. (1991). A Public Management for All Seasons. Public Administration. 69, 3-19.
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  • IMF (2020) Fiscal Monitor, April 2020: Policies to Support People During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
  • IMF. 2014. Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014. Washington, DC: IMF.
  • Jevsons, W. S. (2001). Richard Cantillon and the Nationality of Political Economy. Cantillon, R., Higgs, H., & Brewer, A. (Eds.), Essay on the Nature of Commerce in General (s.334-360) içinde. Routledge.
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  • Kirzner, I. M., (1973). Competition and entrepreneurship. IL Uni. of Chicago Press.
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  • Kwiatkowski, G., & Augustynowicz, P. (2015). State-Owned Enterprises in the Global Economy-Analysis Based on Fortune Global 500 List (Managing Intellectual Cap¬ital and Innovation for Sustainable and Inclusive Society: Managing Intellectual Capital and Innovation; Proceedings of the MakeLearn and TIIM Joint Interna¬tional Conference 2015).
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Kamu Girişimciliği Teorisi Kapsamında KİT’lerin Dünü Bugünü ve Yarını

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 18 - 35, 16.01.2023

Dilek Akbaş Akdoğan

https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1136852

Öz

Girişimcilik sıklıkla özel sektöre atfedilen bir faaliyet olarak değerlendirilse de, girişimcilik faaliyeti özel sektör girişimciliği ve kamu girişimciliği olarak iki grupta sınıflandırılır. Kamu kesimi girişimciliği olarak Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüsleri (KİT’ler) dünya genelinde pek çok ülke ekonomisinde önemli paylara sahiptir. Çalışmada KİT’ler kamu girişimciliğinin teorik temelleri ve gelişimi bakımından ele alınmıştır. Kamu girişimciliği ile özel sektör girişimciliği karşılaştırılarak, devletin girişimcilik faaliyetlerinin gerekçeleri ve kapsamı açıklanmaktadır. Geçmişten günümüze KİT’lerin yeniden yapılandırılmaları ve reform süreçleri değerlendirilerek, günümüzde KİT’lerin performanslarını arttırmak için politika önerilerinde bulunulmuştur. Bu bağlamda KİT’lerin performansını arttırmak için iyi yönetişim ve reformlara vurgu yapılmıştır. Şeffaflık, hesap verilebilirlik, etkin denetim, sağlam yönetsel ve hukuki zemin iyi yönetişim için gerekli temel ögelerdir. Rekabet ortamını bozmayan ve girişimci ruhuna sahip KİT’lerin ekonomide başarıyla faaliyetlerini yürüteceği öngörülmektedir. KİT’lerin uluslararası kuruluşların hazırladıkları rehberleri ve belirledikleri ilkeleri takip etmeleri yönetişimde standardizasyon sağlayarak ve şeffaflığı arttırarak politika başarısına katkı sağlayacaktır. KİT’lerin performanslarını arttırabilmek için teknolojiyi yakından takip etmeleri ve kullanmaları, girişimciliğe dayalı ve inovasyon politikalarına yönelmeleri gerekmektedir. Kurumsal kalitenin arttırılması, bu bağlamda kurumsal sorumluluğun geliştirilmesi, düzenleyici ve kurumsal çerçevelerin net bir şekilde çizilmesi, KİT’lerin etkinliğinin ve verimliliğinin arttırılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Ülkelerin ekonomik sistemleri ve benimsedikleri devlet anlayışlarına bağlı olarak KİT’lerin nicelikleri değişse de, ekonomideki niteliklerinin oldukça önemli olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüsleri(KİT’ler) Kamu Girişimciliği Kamu İşletmeciliği

Kaynakça

  • Akkoyunlu P. (2011). Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüsleri ve Özelleştirme. Beta Kitabevi.
  • Appana, S. (2003). New public managment and poblic enterprise restructuring in Fiji, Pacific Studies 1(1), 51-73.
  • Bałtowski, M. & Kwiatkowski, G. (2022). State-Owned Enterprises in the Global Economy, Routledge https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003244462
  • Barzelay, M. (1992). Breaking Through Bureaucracy: A New Vision for Managing in Government (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press).
  • Bellone, C. J. & Goerl, G. F. (1992). Reconciling public entrepreneurship and democracy. Public Administration Review, 52(2),130-134.
  • Bernier, L. & Hafsi, T. (2007). The Changing Nature of Public Entrepreneurship. Public Administration Review, 67(3), 488-503.
  • Böwer, U. (2017). State-Owned Enterprises in Emerging Europe: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. IMF, IMF Working Papers, 17(221).
  • Brennan, G. & Buchanan, J. M. (1984). Voter Choice: Evaluating Political Alternatives. American Behavioral Scientist, 28(2), 185-201.
  • Brown, C. & Thornton, M. (2013). How Entrepreneurship Theory Created Economics, The Quarterly J. of Austrian Economics, 16(4), 401-419.
  • Bryson, J., Crosby, B. C. & Bloomberg, L. (2014). Public Value Governance: Moving Beyond Traditional Public Administration and the New Public Management Public Administration Review, 74( 4), s.445-456.
  • Buchanan, J. M. (1975). Public Finance And Public Choice. National Tax Journal, 28(4), 383- 394.
  • Cantillon, R. (1959). Essai sur la Nature du Commerce Général (ikinci baskı), Edited and translated by Henry Higgs. Frank Class and Company Ltd.
  • Choski, A. M. (1979). State Intervention in the Industrialization of Developing Countries: Selected Issues (SWP341). WB Working Papers.
  • Christiansen, H. (2013). Balancing Commercial and NonCommercial Priorities of State-Owned Enterprises. OECD Corporate Governance Working Papers, No.6.
  • Christiansen, H., & Kim, Y. (2014). State-Invested Enterprises in the Global Market¬place: Implications for a Level Playing Field (No. 14). OECD Corporate Governance Working Papers. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • Çetinkaya, Ö. (2012). Türkiye'de Kamu İşletmeciliği ve Özelleştirme, Ekin Kitabevi.
  • De Lange, B., & Merlevede, B. (2020). State-Owned Enterprises across Europe: Stylized Facts from a Large Firm-level Dataset. Working Papers of Faculty of Econom¬ics and Business Administration, Ghent University, (20/1006).
  • Diefenbach, F. E. (2011). Entrepreneurship in the Public Sector. Gabler Research.
  • Drucker, P. F. (1985). Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Harper & Row Publishers.
  • EC. (2003,Ocak). Entrepreneurship in Europe. (COM(2003)27final). Commission Of The European Communities. https://ec.europa.eu/invest-in-research/pdf/download_en/entrepreneurship_europe.pdf
  • EC. (2013). European System of Accounts 2010 (ESA10), Section 2.51, Luxembourg.
  • EC. (2016). State-Owned Enterprises in the EU: Lessons Learnt and Ways Forward in a Post-Crisis Context (Institutional Paper 031), ISSN 2443-8014(online) Publications Office of the European Union.
  • Edwards, C., Jones, G., Lawton, A. & Llewellyn, N. (2002). Public Entrepreneurship: Rhetoric, Reality, And Context, International Journal of Public Administration, 25(12), 1539-1554.
  • Eren, A. A. & Şimşek, O. (2022). Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüslerinin ve Özelleştirmenin Ekonomi Politiği: Türkiye Örneği. Cumhuriyet Ünv. İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 23(1),337-361.
  • Eurostat. (2022). Entrepreneurship indicators. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Entrepreneurship_indicators
  • Gibbon, H. (1997). A Seller’s Manual: Guidelines for Selling State-Owned Enterprises. Privatisation Yearbook, London: Privatisation International, 16-26.
  • Gruening, G. (2001). Origin and theoretical basis of new public management, International Public Management J., 4(1), s.1-25.
  • Hanke, S. H. (1987). The Necessity of Property Rights. S. H. Hanke(Ed). Privatization and Development (s.47-51)içinde. International Center For Economic Growth Ics Press.
  • Haskel, J. & Sanchis, A. (1995). Privatization and X‐Inefficiency: A Bargaining Approach. The J. of Industrial Economics, 43(3), 301‐321.
  • Hayter, C., Link, A. & Scott, J. T. (2018). Public Sector Entrepreneurship. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 34(4), 676–694.
  • Hemming, R. & Mansoor A.M. (1987). Privatization and Public Enterprises (WP87/9) IMF WP.
  • Hood, C. (1991). A Public Management for All Seasons. Public Administration. 69, 3-19.
  • Hughes, O. E. (2013). Public management and administration: An introduction (3. baskı). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • IMF (2020) Fiscal Monitor, April 2020: Policies to Support People During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
  • IMF. 2014. Government Finance Statistics Manual 2014. Washington, DC: IMF.
  • Jevsons, W. S. (2001). Richard Cantillon and the Nationality of Political Economy. Cantillon, R., Higgs, H., & Brewer, A. (Eds.), Essay on the Nature of Commerce in General (s.334-360) içinde. Routledge.
  • Kearney, C., Hisrich, R. & Roche F. (2007). Facilitating Public Sector Corporate Entrepreneurship Process: A Conceptual Model. J. of Enterprising Culture, 15(3), 275-299.
  • Khan, F. K. (2021). Win: How Public Entrepreneurship Can Transform The Developing World (Kindle Ed.).
  • Kirzner, I. M., (1973). Competition and entrepreneurship. IL Uni. of Chicago Press.
  • Knight, F. H. (1921). Risk, Uncertainty and Profit. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign's Academy for Entrepreneurial Leadership Historical Research Reference in Entrepreneurship. https://ssrn.com/abstract=1496192
  • Kowalski, P., Büge, M., Sztajerowska, M., & Egeland, M. (2013). State-Owned Enterprises: Trade Effects and Policy Implications. OECD Trade Policy Papers. Paris: OECD
  • Kwiatkowski, G., & Augustynowicz, P. (2015). State-Owned Enterprises in the Global Economy-Analysis Based on Fortune Global 500 List (Managing Intellectual Cap¬ital and Innovation for Sustainable and Inclusive Society: Managing Intellectual Capital and Innovation; Proceedings of the MakeLearn and TIIM Joint Interna¬tional Conference 2015).
  • Lan, Z. & Rosenbloom, D.H. (1992). ‘Editorial’, Public Administration Review, 52 (6).
  • Lane, J. E. (2000). The Public Sector: Concepts, Models and Approaches (üçüncü baskı). Sage Pub.
  • Leibenstein, H. (1978). General X-Efficiency Theory and Economic Development. Oxford Uni. Press.
  • Lewandowski, M. (2017). Public Organizations and Business Model Innovation: The Role of Public Service Design. M. Lewandowski & B. Kożuch (Ed), Public Sector Entrepreneurship and the Integration of Innovative Business Models (s.47-72) içinde, IGI Global.
  • Leyden, D. P. & Link, A. N. (2015). Public Sector Entrepreneurship, Oxford Uni. Press.
  • Link, A. N., & Link, J. R. (2009). Government as Entrepreneur. Oxford Uni. Press.
  • Megginson, W.L. & Netter, J. M. (2001). From State to Market: A Survey of Empirical Studies on Privatization. Journal of Economic Literature, 39(2), 321-389.
  • Morris, M. H., & Jones, F. F. (1999). Entrepreneurship in Established Organizations: The Case of the Public Sector. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 24(1), 71–91.
  • Mulgan, G. (2014). Innovation in the public sector, version 1, nesta.
  • Musgrave, R. A. (1959). The Theory of Public Finance. Macmillan.
  • Mühlenkamp, H. (2015). From State to Market Revisited: A Reassessment of the Empirical Evidence on the Efficiency of Public (and Privately-Owned) Enter¬prises. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 86(4), 23.
  • OECD. (2009). Privatisation in the 21st Century: Recent Experiences of OECD Countries. Corporate Affairs Division, Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs.
  • OECD. (2015). OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises. Paris: OECD Publishing.
  • OECD. (2017). The Size and Sectoral Distribution of State-Owned Enterprises, OECD Publishing Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264280663-en
  • OECD. (2018). Ownership and Governance of State-Owned Enterprises: A Compendium of National Practices.
  • Osborne, D. & Gaebler, T. (1992). Reinventing Government: How the Entrepreneurial Spirit is Transforming the Public Sector. Addison-Wesley.
  • Ostrom, E. (1964). Public Entrepreneurship: A Case Study in Ground Water Basin Management. University of California (basılmamış doktora tezi).
  • Piketty, T. (2014). Yirmi Birinci Yüzyılda Kapital (H. Koçak Çev.). Türkiye İş Bank. Kült. Yayınları.
  • Pollitt, Christopher (1993) Managerialism and the Public Services: Cuts or Cultural Change in the 1990s, Second Edition (Oxford: Basil Blackwell)
  • Praag, C. M. (1999). Some Classic Views On Entrepreneurship. De Economist, 147(3), 311-335.
  • Ramirez-Rigo, E., vd. (2021). State-Owned Enterprises in Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia: Size, Role, Performance, and Challenges (DP/2021/019). IMF.
  • Roberts, N. C. (1992). Public entrepeneurship and innovation. Policy Studies Review,11(1), 55-74.
  • Robinett, D. (2006). Held by the Visible Hand: The Challenge of SOE Corporate Governance for Emerging Markets. WB.
  • Say, J. B. (1971). A Treatise on Political Economy or the Production, Distribution and Consumption. A.M. Kelley Publishers.
  • Schneider, H. (2021). Strategy, Independence, and Governance of State-Owned Enterprises in Asia F. Taghizadeh-Hesary, N. Yoshino, C.J.Kim & K.Kim (Ed). Reforming State-Owned Enterprises in Asia: Challenges and Solutions (s.3-20) içinde. ADB Instutite Springer.
  • Schultz, T.W. (1975). The Value of the Ability to Deal with Disequilibria. J. of Economic Literature, 13(3), 827-846.
  • Schumpeter, J. A. (2003).Capitalism, Socialism And Democracy (Introduction by Richard Swedberg). Routledge.
  • Shirley, M. & Walsh, P.(2000). Public versus Private Ownership: the Current State of the Debate. Policy Research Working Paper No.WPS2420. WB.
  • Smith, A. (1804). Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Hartford: Oliver D. Cooke.
  • Stiglitz, J. E. (2000). Economics of the public sector. NY: W.W. Norton & Company.
  • Swedberg, R. (2003). Introduction.Schumpeter,J.A., Capitalism, Socialism And Democracy içinde. Routledge.
  • Szarzec, K.,& Nowara, W. (2017). The Economic Performance of State-Owned Enterprises in Central and Eastern Europe. Post-Communist Economies, 29(3), 375–391.
  • Szarzec, K., Dombi, A. & Matuszak P. (2021). State-owned enterprises and economic growth: Evidence from the post-Lehman period, Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), 1-20.
  • Tihanyi, L., Aguilera, R. V., Heugens, P., van.Essen, M., Sauerwald, S., Duran, P. & Turturea, R. (2019). State Ownership and Political Connections. J. of Management, 45(6), 2293-2321.
  • Tõnurist, P. (2015). Framework for analysing the role of state owned enterprises in innovation policy management: The case of energy Technologies and Eesti Energia. Technovation, 38, 1-14.
  • Tosterud, R. (2000). Entrepreneurship and the public sector. Current politics and economics of the United States, 3(2/3), 143-158.
  • UNCTAD. (2019). World Investment Report 2019. United Nations Conference.
  • UNECE. (2017). Innovation in the Public Sector (ECE/CECI/23 ). United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.
  • Van den Hauwe, L. (2005). Consitutional Economics. J. Bachaus (Ed), The Elgar Companion to Law and Economics( s.223-238) içinde, The Elgar Companion.
  • Wagner, R.E. (1966). Pressure groups and political entrepreneurs: A review article. Public Choice 1, 161-170.
  • WB. (2020a). State-Owned Enterprises: Understanding their market effects and the need for competitive neutrality. WB Group.
  • WB. (2020b). Enhancing Government Effectiveness and Transparency: The Fight Against Corruption.
  • Williamson, J. (2005). The Strange History of the Washington Consensus. J. of Post Keynesian Economics, 27(2), 195-206.
  • Wisuttisak, P. & Rahman, N.A. (2021). Regulatory Frameworks for Reforms of State-Owned Enterprises in Thailand and Malaysia. F. Taghizadeh-Hesary, N. Yoshino, C. J. Kim & K. Kim (Ed). Reforming State-Owned Enterprises in Asia: Challenges and Solutions (s.41-64) içinde. ADB Instutite Springer.
  • Wright, M. D. (1993). A Critique of the Public Choice Theory Case for Privatization: Rhetoric and Reality. Ottawa Law Review, 25(1), 1-38.
  • Wu, Y. (2019). Reforming WTO Rules on State-Owned Enterprises: In the Context of SOEs Receiving Various Advantages. Springer.
  • Yıldırım, C. (2011). Birinci ve İkinci Nesil Washington Uzlaşması: Neoliberal İktisat Politikalarının 1980’den Sonraki Evrimi. Ekonomik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi,7(2), 1-23.
Toplam 89 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Dilek Akbaş Akdoğan 0000-0002-8132-6971

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 11 Ocak 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Ocak 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 28 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Akbaş Akdoğan, D. (2023). Kamu Girişimciliği Teorisi Kapsamında KİT’lerin Dünü Bugünü ve Yarını. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 24(1), 18-35. https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1136852
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