Araştırma Makalesi
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YAYGIN EĞİTİMİN (HALK EĞİTİMİ MERKEZLERİ) KADIN GELİŞİMİ ÜZERİNE GENEL BİR BAKIŞ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 18, 24 - 47, 29.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.54707/meric.1239399

Öz

Yaygın eğitim insanların kendilerini yenilemelerini, toplumsal farklılaşmanın getirmiş olduğu yeni koşullara daha iyi adapte olmalarını ve örgün eğitimde oluşan bazı eksikliklerini tamamlamaları yönünden önemlidir. Yaş, eğitim düzeyi, öğrenme isteği, cinsiyet ve farklı ihtiyaçları bulunan bireyleri hedef kitlesine aldığı için çok kapsamlı ve heterojen özellik göstermektedir. Yaygın eğitimin amacı bireyin yeteneklerini arttırmasını sağlamak ve aynı zamanda örgün eğitimi eksik olan bireylere temel eğitim imkânı sunmaktır. Kişisel sorunları çözmeleri yönünde bilgiler de paylaşılmaktadır. Yaygın eğitim içerik olarak yetişkin bireyler ve özellikle de kadınlar için meslek edindirme kursları açmaktadır. Türkiye’de en büyük yaygın eğitim veren kurum Halk Eğitimi Merkezleridir. 1956 yılından günümüze ülke genelinde kurulma çalışmalarına başlandı ve etkinlikleri il ve ilçelerde devam etmektedir. Bu merkezler bilgisizlik, okuma yazma eksikliği, demode davranış ve inançlar, akla dayanmayan davranışların terk edilmesi gibi konularda bireylerin kendilerini geliştirmelerine ve olgunlaşmasına yardım etmektedir. Ayrıca, köylü, kentli, işçi, işveren, çiftçi, esnaf, ev hanımı, serbest meslek gibi toplumun değişik statülerinde bulunan bireylerin farklı beklenti ve ihtiyaçları nedeniyle yaygın eğitim faaliyetleri oldukça kapsamlıdır. Halk Eğitimi Merkezleri çoğunlukla kadın el sanatları ve giyim alanında uzmanlaşmış bayan öğretmenlerden oluştuğu için, açılan kurslar da daha çok bu alanlara yönelik olmaktadır. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’de Halk Eğitimi Merkezleri kurslarının kadınların işgücüne katılımını ve gelirlerini arttırmayı amaçlayan ve hobi geliştirme konusunda yaygın eğitim kapsamında bulunan faaliyetler ve önemleri ele alınarak incelenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abay, C., Atış, E. & Saner, G. (1999). The Effect of Training for Rural Women on Employment in İzmir. T.R. Prime Ministry General Directorate of Women's Status and Problems, Cem Web Ofset Publications, Ankara.
  • ASPB. (2014). Analysis of Female Labor Force Profile Statistics in Turkey. 20 April 2015.
  • Ayçiçek, K. (2012), Şişli Municipality as an Example of Non-formal Education Studies of Municipalities. Istanbul Aydın University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Business Administration, Department of Local Administrations and Decentralization, Master's Thesis, Istanbul.
  • Betam. (2010). Increasing the Labor Force Participation of Disadvantaged Groups in Employment. Bahçeşehir University, Center for Economic and Social Research, p. 1-91.
  • Celep, C. (2003). Public Education. Ankara: Memoir Publishing.
  • Dedeoğlu, S. (2012). Textile Industry and Women Workers in Turkey, Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş, Malatya and Adıyaman Research. Handbook of Textile Industry and Women Workers in Turkey, ILO Turkey Office- Ankara-ILO.
  • Geray, C. (2002). Public Education. Ankara: Image Publishing.
  • Güvenli, G. (2017). An Example of a Vocational Education Project in the Cooperation of Non-Governmental Organization, University and Public: Women from Soma Enlighten the Future. 44 p. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/kad%C4%B1n/__KADINLARIN%2 MESLEK%C4%B0%20E%C4%9E%C4%B0T%C4%B0M%C4%B0%20VE%20KADIN%20%C4%B0ST%C4%B0HDAMI%20SEMPOZYUMU.pdf
  • İçli, T., Akhun, İ., Kavak, Y., & Senemoğlu, N. (1999). Contribution of Labor Force Training Courses to Female Employment. T.R. Prime Ministry General Directorate of Women's Status and Problems, Cem Web Ofset Publications, Ankara.
  • İŞKUR. (2007). https://media.iskur.gov.tr/13568/2007-yili-faaliyet-raporu.pdf
  • İŞKUR. (2013). 7. General Assembly Working Reports, Ankara.
  • Karabıyık, İ. (2012). Women's Employment in Working Life in Turkey. Journal of Marmara University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 32(1), 231-260.
  • Karabulut, T., & Mızırak, Z. (2017). The Importance of Vocational Education Activities of Local Administrations for Women to Acquire a Vocation: The Case of Konya. 48p. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/kad%C4%B1n/__KADINLARIN%20MESLEK%C4%B0%20E%C4%9E%C4%B0T%C4%B0M%C4%B0%20VE%20KADIN%20%C4%B0ST%C4%B0HDAMI%20SEMPOZYUMU.pdf
  • National Education Basic Law No. 1739, RG. 24.06.1973-14574.
  • Öksüz, (2007). The Contribution of Vocational Training Courses to Women's Employability and Roles that İŞKUR Can Take. T.R. Ministry of Labor and Social Security, General Directorate of Turkish Employment Agency.
  • Sağlam, M. (2015). Contribution of Vocational Training Courses Given in Non-formal Education Institutions to Women's Employment: The Example of Muğla Menteşe Municipality. Süleyman Demirel University, Institute of Social Sciences, Master's Thesis.
  • Sağlam, M., & Korkmaz, A. (2019). Contribution of Vocational Training Courses Given in Non-formal Education Institutions to Women's Employment: The Example of Muğla Menteşe Municipality. MAKÜ- Bucak Faculty of Business Journal, 2(1), 54-76.
  • Soylu, Y., Ercan, G. S., Belkıs, Ö., Durdağı, E., & Siyez, D. M. (2017). An Investigation of the Opinions of Psychological Counselors Working in Public Education on the Empowerment of Women through Vocational Education. 26 p. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlari/Kadinlarin_Mesleki_Egitimi_ ve_ Kadin_%C4%B0stihdami_Sempozyumu.pdf.
  • Şener, Ü. (2011). Social Impact Analysis on Women's Work. Tepav Publications, Ankara. Taş, H. Y. (2011). The Effects of İŞKUR's Vocational Training Activities on Employment: The Case of Yalova İŞKUR. Journal of Social Politics Conferences, 61(2), 153-176.
  • Taşpınar, M. (2013). Vocational Training of Female Labor Force. Ministry of National Education, International Conference Articles, (http://kizlarinegitimi.meb.gov.tr/files/ img/mesleki_egitim_kadin.pdf), (Date of Access: 10.10.2021).
  • Temiz, M. (2009). Investigation of Self-Efficacy Levels of Vocational-Technical and Social-Cultural Course Teachers in Public Education Centers. Marmara University Institute of Educational Sciences, Department of Educational Sciences, Department of Public Education, Master's thesis, Istanbul.
  • Topoğlu, S. (2007). Inequality of Opportunity in Women's Employment Social Exclusion; Turkey-EU Comparison. Istanbul University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Economic Policy, Master's Thesis, Istanbul.
  • TÜİK, Periodic Results of the Household Labor Force Survey.
  • TÜİK, (2018). Labor Statistics. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo. do?alt_id=1007 (Date of Access:10.05.2021).
  • Türkoğlu, A., & Uça, S. (2011). Public Education in Turkey: Its Historical Development, Problems and Solution Suggestions. Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Education Journal of Educational Sciences, 2(2), 48-62.
  • URL1.https://edirne.meb.gov.tr/www/edirne-halk-egitimi-merkezi-kursiyerlerimizin- emegimiz- kazaniyor-projemiz-kapsaminda-urettikleri-el-emegi-goz-nuru-urunleri-edirne-esnafimiza-tanitildi/icerik/3654 T.C. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, Edirne il milli eğitim müdürlüğü, 30 Ocak 2020.
  • URL 2. http://dhgm.meb.gov.tr/yayimlar/dergiler/Milli_Egitim_Dergisi/144/kavak.htm
  • URL 3. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/OKUL%20DI%C5%9EINDA%20%C3%96%C4 ERENME%20%C4%B0MKANIN%20SUNAN%20HALK%20E%C4%9E%C4%B0T%C4%B0M%20MERKEZ%C4%B0%20-%20Nurhak%20Halk%20E%C4%9Fitimi%20Merkezi.pdf
  • URL4. http://www.yesilyurt.bel.tr/haberler/55-farkli-branstaki-248-kurstan-5-297-vatandas-faydalandi
  • URL 5. https://www.ensonhaber.com/ekonomi/agrida-kursa-gelen-genc-kizlar-ceyizlerini-burada-tamamladi
  • URL 6. https://www.google.com/search?q=malatya+battalgazi+belediyesi+halk+e%C4 m+kurslar%C4%B1&sxsrf=AOaemvJUWfbadqE6M7F_Uq6Tx_epgxhq4Q:1636968999895&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjNofzdiJr0AhVy_7sIHQ4zC0kQ_AUoA3oECAEQBQ&biw=1522&bih=738&dpr=1.25#imgrc=q7Y09uxWIG9SeM
  • URL 7. https://battalgazi.bel.tr/p/battalgazide-kadinlar-meslek-ogreniyor-1619599748737
  • URL8.file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/kad%C4%B1n/T.C.%20Erbaa%20Belediyesi%20Resmi %20Web%20Sayfas%C4%B1.pdf
  • Yayla, D. (2009). Evaluation of Turkish Adult Education System. T.R. Ministry of Education, Education Research and Development Department (EARGED). Ankara, 2009.
  • Yazar, T. (2012). Introduction, Target Audience in Adult Education. Journal of Dicle University Social Sciences Institute, 4(7), 21-30.

AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN'S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS)

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 18, 24 - 47, 29.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.54707/meric.1239399

Öz

Non-formal education is important for people to renew themselves, to better adapt to the new conditions brought by social differentiation, and to complete some of their deficiencies in formal education. Since it includes individuals with age, education level, desire to learn, gender and different needs, it shows a very comprehensive and heterogeneous feature. The aim of non-formal education is to enable individuals to increase their abilities and at the same time to provide basic education opportunities to individuals who lack formal education. Information is also shared to help them solve personal problems. Non-formal education opens vocational courses for adults and especially women. Public Education Centers are the largest non-formal education institutions in Turkey. Establishment works have been started throughout the country since 1956 and its activities continue in provinces and districts. These centers help individuals develop and mature on issues such as ignorance, illiteracy, outmoded behaviors and beliefs, and abandonment of unreasonable behaviors. In addition, non-formal education activities are quite extensive due to the different expectations and needs of individuals from different statuses of the society, such as peasants, urbanites, workers, employers, farmers, tradesmen, housewives, and self-employed. Since the Public Education Centers mostly consist of female teachers specialized in women's handicrafts and clothing, the courses opened are mostly for these fields. In this study, the activities of Public Education Centers in Turkey, which aim to increase women's participation in the workforce and their income, and which are within the scope of non-formal education in hobby development, and their importance are examined.

Kaynakça

  • Abay, C., Atış, E. & Saner, G. (1999). The Effect of Training for Rural Women on Employment in İzmir. T.R. Prime Ministry General Directorate of Women's Status and Problems, Cem Web Ofset Publications, Ankara.
  • ASPB. (2014). Analysis of Female Labor Force Profile Statistics in Turkey. 20 April 2015.
  • Ayçiçek, K. (2012), Şişli Municipality as an Example of Non-formal Education Studies of Municipalities. Istanbul Aydın University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Business Administration, Department of Local Administrations and Decentralization, Master's Thesis, Istanbul.
  • Betam. (2010). Increasing the Labor Force Participation of Disadvantaged Groups in Employment. Bahçeşehir University, Center for Economic and Social Research, p. 1-91.
  • Celep, C. (2003). Public Education. Ankara: Memoir Publishing.
  • Dedeoğlu, S. (2012). Textile Industry and Women Workers in Turkey, Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş, Malatya and Adıyaman Research. Handbook of Textile Industry and Women Workers in Turkey, ILO Turkey Office- Ankara-ILO.
  • Geray, C. (2002). Public Education. Ankara: Image Publishing.
  • Güvenli, G. (2017). An Example of a Vocational Education Project in the Cooperation of Non-Governmental Organization, University and Public: Women from Soma Enlighten the Future. 44 p. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/kad%C4%B1n/__KADINLARIN%2 MESLEK%C4%B0%20E%C4%9E%C4%B0T%C4%B0M%C4%B0%20VE%20KADIN%20%C4%B0ST%C4%B0HDAMI%20SEMPOZYUMU.pdf
  • İçli, T., Akhun, İ., Kavak, Y., & Senemoğlu, N. (1999). Contribution of Labor Force Training Courses to Female Employment. T.R. Prime Ministry General Directorate of Women's Status and Problems, Cem Web Ofset Publications, Ankara.
  • İŞKUR. (2007). https://media.iskur.gov.tr/13568/2007-yili-faaliyet-raporu.pdf
  • İŞKUR. (2013). 7. General Assembly Working Reports, Ankara.
  • Karabıyık, İ. (2012). Women's Employment in Working Life in Turkey. Journal of Marmara University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 32(1), 231-260.
  • Karabulut, T., & Mızırak, Z. (2017). The Importance of Vocational Education Activities of Local Administrations for Women to Acquire a Vocation: The Case of Konya. 48p. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/kad%C4%B1n/__KADINLARIN%20MESLEK%C4%B0%20E%C4%9E%C4%B0T%C4%B0M%C4%B0%20VE%20KADIN%20%C4%B0ST%C4%B0HDAMI%20SEMPOZYUMU.pdf
  • National Education Basic Law No. 1739, RG. 24.06.1973-14574.
  • Öksüz, (2007). The Contribution of Vocational Training Courses to Women's Employability and Roles that İŞKUR Can Take. T.R. Ministry of Labor and Social Security, General Directorate of Turkish Employment Agency.
  • Sağlam, M. (2015). Contribution of Vocational Training Courses Given in Non-formal Education Institutions to Women's Employment: The Example of Muğla Menteşe Municipality. Süleyman Demirel University, Institute of Social Sciences, Master's Thesis.
  • Sağlam, M., & Korkmaz, A. (2019). Contribution of Vocational Training Courses Given in Non-formal Education Institutions to Women's Employment: The Example of Muğla Menteşe Municipality. MAKÜ- Bucak Faculty of Business Journal, 2(1), 54-76.
  • Soylu, Y., Ercan, G. S., Belkıs, Ö., Durdağı, E., & Siyez, D. M. (2017). An Investigation of the Opinions of Psychological Counselors Working in Public Education on the Empowerment of Women through Vocational Education. 26 p. https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlari/Kadinlarin_Mesleki_Egitimi_ ve_ Kadin_%C4%B0stihdami_Sempozyumu.pdf.
  • Şener, Ü. (2011). Social Impact Analysis on Women's Work. Tepav Publications, Ankara. Taş, H. Y. (2011). The Effects of İŞKUR's Vocational Training Activities on Employment: The Case of Yalova İŞKUR. Journal of Social Politics Conferences, 61(2), 153-176.
  • Taşpınar, M. (2013). Vocational Training of Female Labor Force. Ministry of National Education, International Conference Articles, (http://kizlarinegitimi.meb.gov.tr/files/ img/mesleki_egitim_kadin.pdf), (Date of Access: 10.10.2021).
  • Temiz, M. (2009). Investigation of Self-Efficacy Levels of Vocational-Technical and Social-Cultural Course Teachers in Public Education Centers. Marmara University Institute of Educational Sciences, Department of Educational Sciences, Department of Public Education, Master's thesis, Istanbul.
  • Topoğlu, S. (2007). Inequality of Opportunity in Women's Employment Social Exclusion; Turkey-EU Comparison. Istanbul University Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Economic Policy, Master's Thesis, Istanbul.
  • TÜİK, Periodic Results of the Household Labor Force Survey.
  • TÜİK, (2018). Labor Statistics. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreTablo. do?alt_id=1007 (Date of Access:10.05.2021).
  • Türkoğlu, A., & Uça, S. (2011). Public Education in Turkey: Its Historical Development, Problems and Solution Suggestions. Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Education Journal of Educational Sciences, 2(2), 48-62.
  • URL1.https://edirne.meb.gov.tr/www/edirne-halk-egitimi-merkezi-kursiyerlerimizin- emegimiz- kazaniyor-projemiz-kapsaminda-urettikleri-el-emegi-goz-nuru-urunleri-edirne-esnafimiza-tanitildi/icerik/3654 T.C. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı, Edirne il milli eğitim müdürlüğü, 30 Ocak 2020.
  • URL 2. http://dhgm.meb.gov.tr/yayimlar/dergiler/Milli_Egitim_Dergisi/144/kavak.htm
  • URL 3. file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/OKUL%20DI%C5%9EINDA%20%C3%96%C4 ERENME%20%C4%B0MKANIN%20SUNAN%20HALK%20E%C4%9E%C4%B0T%C4%B0M%20MERKEZ%C4%B0%20-%20Nurhak%20Halk%20E%C4%9Fitimi%20Merkezi.pdf
  • URL4. http://www.yesilyurt.bel.tr/haberler/55-farkli-branstaki-248-kurstan-5-297-vatandas-faydalandi
  • URL 5. https://www.ensonhaber.com/ekonomi/agrida-kursa-gelen-genc-kizlar-ceyizlerini-burada-tamamladi
  • URL 6. https://www.google.com/search?q=malatya+battalgazi+belediyesi+halk+e%C4 m+kurslar%C4%B1&sxsrf=AOaemvJUWfbadqE6M7F_Uq6Tx_epgxhq4Q:1636968999895&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjNofzdiJr0AhVy_7sIHQ4zC0kQ_AUoA3oECAEQBQ&biw=1522&bih=738&dpr=1.25#imgrc=q7Y09uxWIG9SeM
  • URL 7. https://battalgazi.bel.tr/p/battalgazide-kadinlar-meslek-ogreniyor-1619599748737
  • URL8.file:///C:/Users/user/Desktop/kad%C4%B1n/T.C.%20Erbaa%20Belediyesi%20Resmi %20Web%20Sayfas%C4%B1.pdf
  • Yayla, D. (2009). Evaluation of Turkish Adult Education System. T.R. Ministry of Education, Education Research and Development Department (EARGED). Ankara, 2009.
  • Yazar, T. (2012). Introduction, Target Audience in Adult Education. Journal of Dicle University Social Sciences Institute, 4(7), 21-30.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Havva Arabacı 0000-0003-0212-6590

Nurcan Özkan 0000-0001-5045-6186

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Nisan 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 18

Kaynak Göster

APA Arabacı, H., & Özkan, N. (2023). AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS). Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal Ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(18), 24-47. https://doi.org/10.54707/meric.1239399
AMA Arabacı H, Özkan N. AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS). Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi. Nisan 2023;7(18):24-47. doi:10.54707/meric.1239399
Chicago Arabacı, Havva, ve Nurcan Özkan. “AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS)”. Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal Ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 7, sy. 18 (Nisan 2023): 24-47. https://doi.org/10.54707/meric.1239399.
EndNote Arabacı H, Özkan N (01 Nisan 2023) AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS). Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 7 18 24–47.
IEEE H. Arabacı ve N. Özkan, “AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS)”, Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 18, ss. 24–47, 2023, doi: 10.54707/meric.1239399.
ISNAD Arabacı, Havva - Özkan, Nurcan. “AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS)”. Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi 7/18 (Nisan 2023), 24-47. https://doi.org/10.54707/meric.1239399.
JAMA Arabacı H, Özkan N. AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS). Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2023;7:24–47.
MLA Arabacı, Havva ve Nurcan Özkan. “AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS)”. Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal Ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, c. 7, sy. 18, 2023, ss. 24-47, doi:10.54707/meric.1239399.
Vancouver Arabacı H, Özkan N. AN OVERVIEW ON WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN NON-FORMAL EDUCATION (PUBLIC EDUCATION CENTERS). Meriç Uluslararası Sosyal ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi. 2023;7(18):24-47.