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Fiscal Decentralization and Environment: Race to the Bottom or to the Top? Empirical Evidence from OECD Countries

Year 2024, Volume: 25 Issue: 4, 605 - 619, 30.10.2024

Mehmet Avcı , Arınç Boz

https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1517034

Abstract

According to the Global Risks Report Survey data, environmental problems, which are among the most substantial problems that the world will face in the short and long term, are a serious issue in terms of the sustainability of public finances. Fiscal decentralization, which refers to the sharing of fiscal authority with sub-national units, is typically examined within the framework of the economic growth literature. According to the traditional approach, there is a positive relationship between fiscal decentralization and economic growth. So fiscal decentralization increases economic growth. So fiscal decentralization contributes to economic growth. However, in today's context where the concept of sustainable development has gained importance, the environmental effects of fiscal decentralization are being neglected. The theory explains the environmental effects of fiscal decentralization with two hypotheses. The race to the bottom hypothesis suggests that fiscal decentralization increases environmental degradation, while the race to the top hypothesis argues that fiscal decentralization reduces environmental degradation. In this regard, in this study, the impact of fiscal decentralization on environmental degradation is investigated within the hypotheses of race to the bottom and race to the top for 18 OECD countries during the period 2000-2020 using the cointegration technique. OECD countries are generally industrialized countries and have a significant impact on world CO2 emissions. The findings indicate that expenditure decentralization increases environmental degradation. This suggests that the hypothesis of racing to the bottom is valid concerning the environmental effects of fiscal decentralization in OECD countries. A probable reason for these findings is that local administrations carry out 55% of public expenditures on transportation, urbanization and infrastructure sectors directly related to environmental degradation in OECD countries.

Keywords

Fiscal Decentralization Environment Cointegration OECD

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Mali Yerelleşme ve Çevre: Yarış Dibe mi Zirveye mi? OECD Ülkelerinden Ampirik Kanıtlar

Year 2024, Volume: 25 Issue: 4, 605 - 619, 30.10.2024

Mehmet Avcı , Arınç Boz

https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1517034

Abstract

Küresel Risk Algılama Anketi verilerine göre kısa ve uzun vadede dünyanın karşılaşacağı en önemli sorunlar arasında gösterilen çevresel sorunlar, kamu maliyesinin sürdürülebilirliği bakımından ciddi bir konu olma özelliğine sahiptir. Mali otoritenin alt idari birimler ile paylaşımını konu edinen mali yerelleşme, genellikle ekonomik büyüme literatürü çerçevesinde incelenmektedir. Geleneksel yaklaşıma göre mali yerelleşme ekonomik büyümeye arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki vardır. Yani mali yerelleşme ekonomik büyümeyi artırmaktadır. Buna karşın sürdürülebilir kalkınma kavramının önem kazandığı günümüzde mali yerelleşmenin çevresel etkileri ihmal edilmektedir. Teori mali yerelleşmenin çevresel etkilerini iki hipotez ile açıklamaktadır. Dibe doğru yarış hipotezi mali yerelleşmenin çevresel bozulmayı artırdığını ileri sürerken, zirveye doğru yarış hipotezi ise mali yerelleşmenin çevresel bozulmayı azalttığını savunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada mali yerelleşmenin çevresel bozulma üzerindeki etkisi dibe doğru yarış ve zirveye doğru yarış hipotezleri çerçevesinde 18 OECD ülkesinde 2000-2020 dönemi için eşbütünleşme tekniği ile araştırılmaktadır. OECD ülkeleri genellikle sanayileşmiş ülkeler olup, dünyadaki CO2 salınımında önemli düzeyde etkilere sahiptir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre OECD ülkeleri için harcama yerelleşmesi çevresel bozulmayı artırmaktadır. Bu, OECD ülkelerinde mali yerelleşmenin çevresel etkileri bakımından dibe doğru yarış hipotezinin geçerli olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu bulguların ortaya çıkmasında OECD ülkelerinde çevresel bozulma ile direkt ilgili ulaşım, kentleşme ve altyapı sektörlerine dönük kamusal harcamaların %55’ini yerel idarelerin gerçekleştiriyor olması muhtemel bir gerekçe olarak gösterilebilir.

Keywords

Mali Yerelleşme Çevre Eşbütünleşme OECD

Ethical Statement

Araştırma etik kurul gerektirmeyen bir araştırmadır.

Supporting Institution

Yok

Thanks

Yok

References

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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Policy and Administration (Other)
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Mehmet Avcı 0000-0002-5672-4142

Arınç Boz 0000-0002-4936-1339

Early Pub Date October 28, 2024
Publication Date October 30, 2024
Submission Date July 16, 2024
Acceptance Date September 13, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 25 Issue: 4

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APA Avcı, M., & Boz, A. (2024). Mali Yerelleşme ve Çevre: Yarış Dibe mi Zirveye mi? OECD Ülkelerinden Ampirik Kanıtlar. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 25(4), 605-619. https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1517034
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