Öz
Hesap Verme Sorumluluğu ve Saydamlığın iyi yönetişimin temel unsurları olduğu düşünüldüğünde, Türkiye’de siyasetin finansmanında bu kavramların hayata geçirilmesi yönetişimin sağlanması açısından önemlidir. Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye ‘deki politik sistemin ve siyasetin finansmanının doğasının daha akılcı bir zemine taşınmasının yollarını araştırmaktır. Çalışmada gerek siyasette gerekse siyasetin finansmanında, hesap verme sorumluluğu ve saydamlığın içselleştirilmesi önerilmektedir. Demokratik kuralların amacı sosyal bir sermaye olarak iyi yönetişimin kullanılırlığını artırmaktır. Çalışmada siyasetin finansmanında mevcut uygulamalara değinilecek ve önerilerde bulunulacaktır. Böylece çalışmayla genel olarak Türkiye’de siyasetin finansmanının temel yapısı ve gelişmesi irdelenmiş ve yıllar itibariyle iyi yönetişim etkileri üzerinde durulmuş olacaktır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Siyasetin Finansmanı Politik Yolsuzluk Saydamlık Hesap Verme Sorumluluğu.
Kaynakça
- REFERENCES
- EUROPEAN UNION (1998-2013), Progress Reports.
- BURNELL, Peter and Alan WARE (1998), Funding Democratization, Manchester University Press.
- CARLSON, Jeffrey and Marcin WALECKİ (2006), Money and Politics Program, Guide to Applying Lessons Learned, IFES, Center for Transitional and Post-Conflict Governance.
- CASAS-ZAMORA, Kevin (2005), Paying for Democracy, ECPR Press, UK.
- ERDEM, Kasım (2010), Siyasi Partilerin Gelir Kaynakları(II):Bağışlar, TBMM Araştırma Merkezi.
- EWİNG, Keith (2001), “Corruption in party financing: the case for global standards”, Tranparency International, Global Corruption Report.
- FONTANA, Alessandra (2007), “Money in Politics: Transparency in Action”, U4 BRIEF, Chr. Michelsen Institute, No:10 (Online 14.05.2013 www.u4.no/themes/political-corruption).
- GENÇKAYA, Ömer Faruk (2000), “Siyasi Partilere ve Adaylara Devlet Desteği, Bağışlar ve Seçim Giderlerinin Sınırlandırılması”, Siyasi Partilerde Reform, TESEV, İstanbul.
- GENÇKAYA, Ömer Faruk (2008), “Political Finance, conflict of interest and accountability in Turkey: implications for democracy”, Corruption and Democracy, Council of Europe Octopus Programme, pp. 69-81.
- GENÇKAYA, Ömer Faruk (2009), “Public Funding of Political Parties: The Case of Turkey”, Public Funding Solutions for Political Parties in Muslim-Majority Societies, International Foundation For Electoral Systems, USA, pp. 39-49 (Online 25.06.2013www.ifes.org/media/Files/Publications/ManualHandbook/2009/1497/PublicFundingSolutionsforPoliticalPartiesinMuslim%20MajoritySocieties.pdf)
- HEYWOOD, Paul (1997), “ Political Corruption: Problems and Perspectives”, Political Studies, XLV, pp. 417-435, UK.
- HOPKIN, Jonathan (2004) , “ The Problem With Party Finance: Theoretical Perspectives on the Funding of Party Politics”, Department of Government, London School of Economics (Online 05.06.2013 , http://personal.lse.ac.uk/hopkin/hopkinpp2004.pdf)
- JOHNSTON, Michael (2005), Political Parties and Democracy in Theoretical and Practical Perspectives, National Democratic Institute For International Affairs,.
- KIRBAŞ, Sadık (2012), Siyasetin Finansmanı, Phoenix Yayınevi, Ankara.
- OHMAN, Magnus (2011), “Global Trends in the Regulation of Political Finance”, IPSA-ECPR Joint Conference, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, February 16-19.
- ÖZHABEŞ, Hande (2011), Yolsuzlukla Mücadele Kriterleri: Yargı, Yasama ve Kamu Yönetimi Türkiye İzleme Raporu, Şeffaflık Derneği, İstanbul.
- ÖZTÜRK, Zeki (2006), Seçimlerde Paranın Gücü, Ebabil Yayınevi, Ankara.
- PINTO-DUSCHINSKY, Michael (2002), “Financing Politics: A Global View”, Journal of Democracy, Volume 13, Number 4, October, pp. 69-86.
- POIRE, Alejandro (2006)., “Elements for a Theory of Political Finance”, John F. Kennedy School of
- Government, Harvard University, Faculty Research Working Papers Series, RWP06-014 (Online 14.03.201 http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/Research/wpaper.nsf/rwp/RWP06-014)
- RAJA, Ray La (2006), “The Potential Effects of Public Funding on Political Parties”, University of Wisconsin Madison, 28-29 January.
- SAYARI, Sabri (2012), “Political Parties”, Edited by Heper Metin , Sayarı Sabri, The Routledge Handbook of Modern Turkey, Routledge.
- SPECK, Bruno Wilhelm (2008), “Political Finance: State Control and Civil Society Monitoring”, U4 BRIEF, Chr. Michelsen Institute, No:12 (Çevrimiçi www.u4.no/themes/political-corruption)
- TACAR, Pulat (1997), Siyasetin Finansmanı, Doruk Yayımcılık, Ankara.
- TEPAV (2006), Bir Olgu Olarak Yolsuzluk:Nedenler, Etkiler ve Çözüm Önerileri, 2. Basım, Aralık.
- TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL (2001), Global Corruption Report.
- TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL (2008), “Accountability and Transparency in Political Finance: Why, How and What For?”, Working Paper.
- WALECKI, Marcin (2007), “Challenging the Norms and Standards of Election Administration: Political Finance”, IFES, pp.75-93.
- WALECKI, Marcin (2009a), “Public Funding in Established and Transitional Democracies”, Public Funding Solutions for Political Parties in Muslim-Majority Societies, International Foundation For Electoral Systems, USA, pp. 26-38. (Online 25.06.2013 www.ifes.org/media/Files/Publications/ManualHandbook/2009/1497/PublicFundingSolutionsforPoliticalPartiesinMuslim%20MajoritySocieties.pdf)
- WALECKI, Marcin (2009b), “Public Funding Oppurtunities-Conditions, Constraints and Possible Outcomes”, Public Funding Solutions for Political Parties in Muslim-Majority Societies, International Foundation For Electoral Systems, USA, pp. 94-103. (Çevrimiçi 25.06.2013 www.ifes.org/media/Files/Publications/ManualHandbook/2009/1497/PublicFundingSolutionsforPoliticalPartiesinMuslim%20MajoritySocieties.pdf)
- WILLIAMS, Robert (2000), “Conclusion: Problems and Prospects”, Edited by Williams, Robert, Party Finance and Political Corruption, Macmillan Press ltd., UK.
- YÜKSEL, Cüneyt (2010), Siyasette Etik, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, İstanbul.
- http://www.idea.int/resources/analysis/loader.cfm?csmodule=security/getfile&pageid=35970 ( Online 08.05.2013)
Öz
Mehmet KARAKAŞ*
Abstract
Increasing financial resource needs of political parties has become a pressing issue incontemporary politics, which can be attributable a number of reasons including development of sophisticated information technologies, undertaking professional assistance for public opinion surveys, the importance of visuality. Considering that Turkish political and legal system impose restrictions on private donations to political parties, and also due to the fact that membership fees are rather low, the need to rely on public resources has increased in the recent decades.
Considering that accountability and transparency are essential part of good governance, the financing of political parties in Turkey results in a number of issues in relations to the conduct of good governance. This study, hence, aims to explore the Turkish political system in locating the rationale and nature of political financing in Turkey. Through a consequentialist approach, this study suggests that accountability and transparency must be endogenised in political and also political party financing structures and strategies so that good government should be essentialised by the Parliament, which is supposed to run on democratic rules aiming to maximise good governance as a social capital. Therefore, current practice as well as the development trajectories of political financing is examined by this study to identify the developments and general pattern of Turkish political financing and its implications for good governance over the years.
Keywords: Political Financing, Political Corruption, Transparency, Accountability.
* Assoc. Prof. Yalova University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Safranyolu Campus, 77100, Yalova/Turkey. karakasmehmet34@gmail.com
Anahtar Kelimeler
Political Financing Political Corruption Transparency Accountability.
Kaynakça
- REFERENCES
- EUROPEAN UNION (1998-2013), Progress Reports.
- BURNELL, Peter and Alan WARE (1998), Funding Democratization, Manchester University Press.
- CARLSON, Jeffrey and Marcin WALECKİ (2006), Money and Politics Program, Guide to Applying Lessons Learned, IFES, Center for Transitional and Post-Conflict Governance.
- CASAS-ZAMORA, Kevin (2005), Paying for Democracy, ECPR Press, UK.
- ERDEM, Kasım (2010), Siyasi Partilerin Gelir Kaynakları(II):Bağışlar, TBMM Araştırma Merkezi.
- EWİNG, Keith (2001), “Corruption in party financing: the case for global standards”, Tranparency International, Global Corruption Report.
- FONTANA, Alessandra (2007), “Money in Politics: Transparency in Action”, U4 BRIEF, Chr. Michelsen Institute, No:10 (Online 14.05.2013 www.u4.no/themes/political-corruption).
- GENÇKAYA, Ömer Faruk (2000), “Siyasi Partilere ve Adaylara Devlet Desteği, Bağışlar ve Seçim Giderlerinin Sınırlandırılması”, Siyasi Partilerde Reform, TESEV, İstanbul.
- GENÇKAYA, Ömer Faruk (2008), “Political Finance, conflict of interest and accountability in Turkey: implications for democracy”, Corruption and Democracy, Council of Europe Octopus Programme, pp. 69-81.
- GENÇKAYA, Ömer Faruk (2009), “Public Funding of Political Parties: The Case of Turkey”, Public Funding Solutions for Political Parties in Muslim-Majority Societies, International Foundation For Electoral Systems, USA, pp. 39-49 (Online 25.06.2013www.ifes.org/media/Files/Publications/ManualHandbook/2009/1497/PublicFundingSolutionsforPoliticalPartiesinMuslim%20MajoritySocieties.pdf)
- HEYWOOD, Paul (1997), “ Political Corruption: Problems and Perspectives”, Political Studies, XLV, pp. 417-435, UK.
- HOPKIN, Jonathan (2004) , “ The Problem With Party Finance: Theoretical Perspectives on the Funding of Party Politics”, Department of Government, London School of Economics (Online 05.06.2013 , http://personal.lse.ac.uk/hopkin/hopkinpp2004.pdf)
- JOHNSTON, Michael (2005), Political Parties and Democracy in Theoretical and Practical Perspectives, National Democratic Institute For International Affairs,.
- KIRBAŞ, Sadık (2012), Siyasetin Finansmanı, Phoenix Yayınevi, Ankara.
- OHMAN, Magnus (2011), “Global Trends in the Regulation of Political Finance”, IPSA-ECPR Joint Conference, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, February 16-19.
- ÖZHABEŞ, Hande (2011), Yolsuzlukla Mücadele Kriterleri: Yargı, Yasama ve Kamu Yönetimi Türkiye İzleme Raporu, Şeffaflık Derneği, İstanbul.
- ÖZTÜRK, Zeki (2006), Seçimlerde Paranın Gücü, Ebabil Yayınevi, Ankara.
- PINTO-DUSCHINSKY, Michael (2002), “Financing Politics: A Global View”, Journal of Democracy, Volume 13, Number 4, October, pp. 69-86.
- POIRE, Alejandro (2006)., “Elements for a Theory of Political Finance”, John F. Kennedy School of
- Government, Harvard University, Faculty Research Working Papers Series, RWP06-014 (Online 14.03.201 http://ksgnotes1.harvard.edu/Research/wpaper.nsf/rwp/RWP06-014)
- RAJA, Ray La (2006), “The Potential Effects of Public Funding on Political Parties”, University of Wisconsin Madison, 28-29 January.
- SAYARI, Sabri (2012), “Political Parties”, Edited by Heper Metin , Sayarı Sabri, The Routledge Handbook of Modern Turkey, Routledge.
- SPECK, Bruno Wilhelm (2008), “Political Finance: State Control and Civil Society Monitoring”, U4 BRIEF, Chr. Michelsen Institute, No:12 (Çevrimiçi www.u4.no/themes/political-corruption)
- TACAR, Pulat (1997), Siyasetin Finansmanı, Doruk Yayımcılık, Ankara.
- TEPAV (2006), Bir Olgu Olarak Yolsuzluk:Nedenler, Etkiler ve Çözüm Önerileri, 2. Basım, Aralık.
- TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL (2001), Global Corruption Report.
- TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL (2008), “Accountability and Transparency in Political Finance: Why, How and What For?”, Working Paper.
- WALECKI, Marcin (2007), “Challenging the Norms and Standards of Election Administration: Political Finance”, IFES, pp.75-93.
- WALECKI, Marcin (2009a), “Public Funding in Established and Transitional Democracies”, Public Funding Solutions for Political Parties in Muslim-Majority Societies, International Foundation For Electoral Systems, USA, pp. 26-38. (Online 25.06.2013 www.ifes.org/media/Files/Publications/ManualHandbook/2009/1497/PublicFundingSolutionsforPoliticalPartiesinMuslim%20MajoritySocieties.pdf)
- WALECKI, Marcin (2009b), “Public Funding Oppurtunities-Conditions, Constraints and Possible Outcomes”, Public Funding Solutions for Political Parties in Muslim-Majority Societies, International Foundation For Electoral Systems, USA, pp. 94-103. (Çevrimiçi 25.06.2013 www.ifes.org/media/Files/Publications/ManualHandbook/2009/1497/PublicFundingSolutionsforPoliticalPartiesinMuslim%20MajoritySocieties.pdf)
- WILLIAMS, Robert (2000), “Conclusion: Problems and Prospects”, Edited by Williams, Robert, Party Finance and Political Corruption, Macmillan Press ltd., UK.
- YÜKSEL, Cüneyt (2010), Siyasette Etik, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, İstanbul.
- http://www.idea.int/resources/analysis/loader.cfm?csmodule=security/getfile&pageid=35970 ( Online 08.05.2013)
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 17 Haziran 2014 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 17 Haziran 2014 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2014Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2 |
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