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Yeni Bölgeselcilik Bağlamında Avrasya’nın Ekonomi Politiği: Avrasya Ekonomi Birliği ve Kuşak Yol Girişimi’nin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3, 601 - 614

Soner Hamzaçebi

https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1678387

Öz

Avrasya, bölgesel ve küresel güçlerin jeo-ekonomik rekabet alanını oluşturmakta ve pek çok bölgesel ekonomik entegrasyon modelini barındırmaktadır. Rusya’nın liderliğindeki Avrasya Ekonomi Birliği (AEB) ve Çin merkezli Kuşak Yol Girişimi (KYG), bu modeller arasında en dikkat çekenleridir. Avrasya’nın iki büyük aktörü olan Rusya ve Çin, ekonomik entegrasyon modelleri ile Avrasya’da hâkimiyet kurmaya çalışmaktadır. Bu iki model, kuruluş amaçları bakımından farklı siyasi hedefler taşısa da, ortak noktaları Batı hegemonyasına karşı bölgesel bütünselliği sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmada, yeni bölgeselcilik bağlamında Rusya ve Çin’in Avrasya’da uygulamaya çalıştığı bölgesel ekonomik modellerin rekabet mi yoksa iş birliği içinde mi olduğu sorusuna cevap aranmaktadır. Bu soruya yanıt bulmak amacıyla, her iki ülkenin bölgedeki yatırımları ve bölge ülkeleriyle olan ilişkileri analiz edilerek, hangi aktörün daha kapsayıcı politikalar geliştirdiği ve Avrasya’nın zenginliklerinden ne ölçüde kazanım sağladığı incelenmektedir. Sonuç olarak, Rusya ve Çin’in Avrasya’daki ekonomik entegrasyon stratejileri bölgede hakimiyet kurmak isteyen küresel güçlere karşı işbirliği ve tamamlayıcılık izlenimi verse de, gerçekte uzun vadeli bölgesel liderlik hedefleri çerçevesinde derin ve yapısal bir jeo-ekonomik rekabetin sürdürdüğünü ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrasya Orta Asya Avrasya Ekonomi Birliği Kuşak Yol Girişimi Yeni Bölgeselcilik

Kaynakça

  • Adomeit, Hannes (2015), “German-Russian Relations: Change of Paradigm versus ‘Business as Usual”, French Institute of International Relations, IFRI Policy Papers, pp.1-34.
  • Aminjonov, F., & Dovgalyuk, O. (2021). Central Asia–China gas pipeline (Line A, Line B, and Line C). The People’s Map of Global China.
  • Aminjonov, F., & Dovgalyuk, O. (2021). Central Asia–China gas pipeline (Line D). The People’s Map of Global China.
  • Azer, Ö. A., Ulker, Y., & Min, W. (2021). The Strategic Importance of the “Belt and Road Initiative” Connectivity with the “Middle Corridor” Program in Turkey. Güvenlik Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), pp. 543-566. https://doi.org/10.28956/gbd.1028717
  • Bhan, Aditya, (2023). The Ukraine war, sanctions, and the resilient Russian economy, Observer Research Foundation. https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-ukraine-war-sanctions-and-the-resilient-russian-economy/
  • Bowen, Andrew S. (2021), Russian Arms Sales and Defense Industry, Congressional Research Service Report R46937, pp.1-38.
  • Brzezinski, Zbigniew, (1997). The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy and Its Geostrategic Imperatives, New York: Basic Books.
  • Chakravarty, Praveen, (2022). Who in India is profiting from Russian oil? Not the common people but private companies, https://theprint.in/opinion/who-in-india-is-profitting-from-russian-oil-not-the-common-man-but-private-companies/1248999/ Erişim Tarihi: 28.03.2025.
  • China’s Activity in Central Asia in Light of Russian Interests, (2025) https://eng.globalaffairs.ru/articles/china-central-asia-zuenko/
  • China-Central Asia Relations Enter New Phase Amid Xi’s Visit, (2025). https://astanatimes.com/2025/06/china-central-asia- relations-enter-new-phase-amid-xis-visit/ Erişim Tarihi: 24.06.2025.
  • Connolly, Richard & Sendstad, Cecilie (2017). Russia’s Role as an Arms Exporter: The Strategic and Economic Importance of Arms Exports for Russia, Chatham House, pp. 1-32.
  • Cornell, E. Svante, “The United States and Central Asia: In the Steppes to Stay?”, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, vol. 17 no. 2, 2004, pp. 239-254.
  • Çelik, Y. (2023). China’s Economic Presence in Central Asia: Kazakhstan Case. Stratejik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(2), pp. 225-238. https://doi.org/10.30692/sisad.1254693
  • Çolakoğlu, S. (2004). Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Geleceği ve Çin. Uluslararası İlişkiler / International Relations, 1(1), pp. 173–197.
  • Edwards, M. (2003). The New Great Game and the new great gamers: Disciples of Kipling and Mackinder. Central Asian Survey, 22(1), pp. 83–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/0263493032000108644
  • Entin, M., & Entina, E. (2016). Russia’s role in promoting Great Eurasia geopolitical project. Rivista Di Studi Politici Internazionali, 83(3 (331)), pp. 331–351.
  • Erickson, A., & Goldstein, L. (2006). Hoping for the Best, preparing for the worst: China’s response to US hegemony. Journal of Strategic Studies, 29(6), pp. 955–986. https://doi.org/10.1080/014023906010164367
  • Freedman, R. O. (2001). Russian Policy toward the Middle East: The Yeltsin Legacy and the Putin Challenge. Middle East Journal, 55(1), pp. 58–90.
  • Gleason, G. (2006). The Uzbek Expulsion U.S. Forces and in Central Asia. Problems of Post-Communism, 53(2), pp. 49–60. https://doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-8216530205
  • Global Firepower, (2023). https://www.globalfirepower.com/countries-listing.php Erişim Tarihi: 28.03.2025.
  • Gusseinov, E., & Allayarov, S. (2025). Beyond Western narratives: Unpacking Russia’s strategic role in Central Asia. Geopolitical Monitor. https://www.geopoliticalmonitor.com/beyond-western-narratives-unpacking-russias-strategic-role-in-central-asia/ Erişim Tarihi: 28.03.2025.
  • Hu, B. (2014). Oil and gas cooperation between China and Central Asia in an environment of political and resource competition. Pet. Sci. 11, pp. 596–605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-014-0377-7
  • Imomnazar, I. (2018). Impact of the “One Belt, One Road” project o the economy of Central Asian countries. The Business and Management Review, 9(3), pp. 396-403.
  • Kanapıyanova, Z. (2020). The US And Russian Policy Toward Central Asia In The Framework Of The Geopolitical Theory. Eurasian Research Journal, 2(2), pp. 55-68.
  • Kluczewska, K., & Silvan, K. (2024). Post-Soviet Dependence with Benefits? Critical Geopolitics of Belarus’s and Tajikistan’s Strategic Alignment with Russia. Geopolitics, pp. 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2024.2368621
  • Li, Y. (2018). The greater Eurasian partnership and the Belt and Road Initiative:Can the two be linked? Journal of Eurasian Studies, 9(2), pp. 94-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euras.2018.07.004
  • Lídl, V. (2022). China’s Energy Policy in Central Asia. In The Natural Gas Conundrum: Transformation of the Central Asian Energy Security Complex after 1991 pp. 68–95, Karolinum Press.
  • Lo, Bobo (2020), “The Sino‑Russian partnership and global order”, China International Strategy Review, 306-324.
  • Mackinder Halford, J. (1904). “The geographical Pivot of History”, The Geographical Journal, 23(4), pp. 421-437.
  • Manish, & Behera, A. (2024). China’s Belt and Road Projects in Central Asia. FIIB Business Review, 13(2), pp.143-154. https://doi.org/10.1177/23197145211042431
  • Mumınov, N. (2023). Comparative Analysis Of Russian, Turkish And Kazakh Eurasianism. Eurasian Research Journal, 5(2), pp. 7-18.
  • Myasnikovich, Mikhail (2022). “The Eurasian Economic Union: Today and Tomorrow”. The World of the New Economy. Vol. 16, No. 3’2022 pp. 20-36.
  • Nation, R. C. (2015). Russia and the Caucasus. Connections, 14(2), pp. 1–12.
  • Paszak, P. (2020). China and Russia in Central Asia – Rivalry or division of labor? Warsaw Institute. https://warsawinstitute.org/china-russia-central-asia-rivalry-division-labor/ Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Pettersen, T, (2016), https://www.thebarentsobserver.com/industry-and-energy/russia-loses-600-billion-on-sanctions-and-low-oil-prices/148262 Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Peyrouse, S. (2010). Military cooperation between China and Central Asia: Breakthrough, limits, and prospects. China Brief, 10(5), pp. 10-15.
  • Piedra, J. M. (2024). China’s exports to Central Asia are booming. Asia Times. https://asiatimes.com/2024/03/chinas-exports-to-central-asia-are-booming/ Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Pieper, Moritz, (2018). “Mapping Eurasia: Contrasting the Public Diplomacies of Russia’s ‘Greater Eurasia’ and China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative” Rising Powers Quarterly Volume 3, Issue 3 pp. 217-237.
  • Rice, Dana. (2023). An Overview of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and Its Development Since 2013. In: Mihr, A., Sorbello, P., Weiffen, B. (eds) Securitization and Democracy in Eurasia. Springer, pp. 255-266.
  • Rolland, N. (2019). A China–Russia Condominium over Eurasia. Survival, 61(1), pp. 7–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/00396338.2019.1568043
  • Serıkkalıyeva, A. (2019). The Role Of The Central Asian Region In China’s New Silk Road Economic Belt Project. Eurasian Research Journal, 1(1), pp. 66-81.
  • Shakhanova, G. & Garlick, J. (2020). The Belt and Road Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union: Exploring the “Greater Eurasian Partnership.” Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 49(1), pp. 33–57.
  • Sipri, (2021). Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2020, pp. 1-12.
  • Statista Research Department, (2023). https://www.statista.com/topics/7835/economy-of-russia/#topicHeader__wrapper Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Stronski, P., & Ng, N. (2018). Cooperation and competition: Russia and China in Central Asia, the Russian Far East, and the Arctic. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
  • Svetlicinii, Alexandr. (2018). China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union: “Integrating the Integrations”. Public Administration Issues, Special Issue (electronic edition), pp. 7–20.
  • Ubaidulloev, Zubaidullo, (2015). “The Russian-Soviet legacies in reshaping the national territories in Central Asia: A catastrophic case of Tajikistan”, Journal of Eurasian Studies, Volume 6, Issue 1, pp.79-87.
  • Uslu, N. (2024). The Central Asian Countries Relations with Russia and China: The Impact of Sensitivities, Dependencies, Threat Perceptions and Regional Organizations. Gazi Akademik Bakış, 17(34), pp. 21-42. https://doi.org/10.19060/gav.1498687
  • World Bank (2023). https://data.worldbank.org/country/RU Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • World Bank (2023). https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/russia Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Yanık, L. K. (2019). Debating Eurasia: Political Travels of a Geographical Concept in Turkey. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 16(63), pp. 33-50. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.621290
  • Yılmaz, S. (2015). Yeni Avrasyacılık ve Rusya, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(34), pp. 111-120.
  • Yüce, M. (2022). Karadeniz: 2021 Gelişmeleri Işığında Bölgesel Değerlendirmeler, Ö. Tüfekçi & F. Kırbaşoğlu (Eds.), Geniş Karadeniz Havzası’nda Gelişen Çin-Rusya İş Birliği: Esnek ve Kırılgan İttifak Dönemi, pp. 435-454. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Yayınları.

Political Economy of Eurasia in the Context of New Regionalism: A Comparative Analysis of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Belt and Road Initiative Competition or Cooperation?

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3, 601 - 614

Soner Hamzaçebi

https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1678387

Öz

Eurasia constitutes the arena of geo-economic competition among regional and global powers and hosts various models of regional economic integration. Among these, the Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) and the China-centered Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) are the most prominent. Russia and China, as the two major actors in Eurasia, aim to assert dominance over the region through these economic integration models. Although these two initiatives differ in terms of their founding political objectives, they share a common goal: fostering regional integration as a counterbalance to Western hegemony. This study seeks to answer whether the regional economic models promoted by Russia and China in Eurasia, within the framework of new regionalism, are characterized more by competition or cooperation. To address this question, the study examines the investments of both countries in the region and their relations with regional states, in order to assess which actor has pursued more inclusive policies and to what extent they have benefited from Eurasia's resources. In conclusion, while the economic integration strategies of Russia and China in Eurasia may initially appear cooperative and complementary in opposing global powers seeking to dominate the region, they in fact reveal a deep and structural geo-economic rivalry shaped by long-term ambitions for regional leadership.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eurasia Central Asia Eurasian Economic Union Belt and Road Initiative New Regionalism

Kaynakça

  • Adomeit, Hannes (2015), “German-Russian Relations: Change of Paradigm versus ‘Business as Usual”, French Institute of International Relations, IFRI Policy Papers, pp.1-34.
  • Aminjonov, F., & Dovgalyuk, O. (2021). Central Asia–China gas pipeline (Line A, Line B, and Line C). The People’s Map of Global China.
  • Aminjonov, F., & Dovgalyuk, O. (2021). Central Asia–China gas pipeline (Line D). The People’s Map of Global China.
  • Azer, Ö. A., Ulker, Y., & Min, W. (2021). The Strategic Importance of the “Belt and Road Initiative” Connectivity with the “Middle Corridor” Program in Turkey. Güvenlik Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), pp. 543-566. https://doi.org/10.28956/gbd.1028717
  • Bhan, Aditya, (2023). The Ukraine war, sanctions, and the resilient Russian economy, Observer Research Foundation. https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/the-ukraine-war-sanctions-and-the-resilient-russian-economy/
  • Bowen, Andrew S. (2021), Russian Arms Sales and Defense Industry, Congressional Research Service Report R46937, pp.1-38.
  • Brzezinski, Zbigniew, (1997). The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy and Its Geostrategic Imperatives, New York: Basic Books.
  • Chakravarty, Praveen, (2022). Who in India is profiting from Russian oil? Not the common people but private companies, https://theprint.in/opinion/who-in-india-is-profitting-from-russian-oil-not-the-common-man-but-private-companies/1248999/ Erişim Tarihi: 28.03.2025.
  • China’s Activity in Central Asia in Light of Russian Interests, (2025) https://eng.globalaffairs.ru/articles/china-central-asia-zuenko/
  • China-Central Asia Relations Enter New Phase Amid Xi’s Visit, (2025). https://astanatimes.com/2025/06/china-central-asia- relations-enter-new-phase-amid-xis-visit/ Erişim Tarihi: 24.06.2025.
  • Connolly, Richard & Sendstad, Cecilie (2017). Russia’s Role as an Arms Exporter: The Strategic and Economic Importance of Arms Exports for Russia, Chatham House, pp. 1-32.
  • Cornell, E. Svante, “The United States and Central Asia: In the Steppes to Stay?”, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, vol. 17 no. 2, 2004, pp. 239-254.
  • Çelik, Y. (2023). China’s Economic Presence in Central Asia: Kazakhstan Case. Stratejik ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(2), pp. 225-238. https://doi.org/10.30692/sisad.1254693
  • Çolakoğlu, S. (2004). Şanghay İşbirliği Örgütü’nün Geleceği ve Çin. Uluslararası İlişkiler / International Relations, 1(1), pp. 173–197.
  • Edwards, M. (2003). The New Great Game and the new great gamers: Disciples of Kipling and Mackinder. Central Asian Survey, 22(1), pp. 83–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/0263493032000108644
  • Entin, M., & Entina, E. (2016). Russia’s role in promoting Great Eurasia geopolitical project. Rivista Di Studi Politici Internazionali, 83(3 (331)), pp. 331–351.
  • Erickson, A., & Goldstein, L. (2006). Hoping for the Best, preparing for the worst: China’s response to US hegemony. Journal of Strategic Studies, 29(6), pp. 955–986. https://doi.org/10.1080/014023906010164367
  • Freedman, R. O. (2001). Russian Policy toward the Middle East: The Yeltsin Legacy and the Putin Challenge. Middle East Journal, 55(1), pp. 58–90.
  • Gleason, G. (2006). The Uzbek Expulsion U.S. Forces and in Central Asia. Problems of Post-Communism, 53(2), pp. 49–60. https://doi.org/10.2753/PPC1075-8216530205
  • Global Firepower, (2023). https://www.globalfirepower.com/countries-listing.php Erişim Tarihi: 28.03.2025.
  • Gusseinov, E., & Allayarov, S. (2025). Beyond Western narratives: Unpacking Russia’s strategic role in Central Asia. Geopolitical Monitor. https://www.geopoliticalmonitor.com/beyond-western-narratives-unpacking-russias-strategic-role-in-central-asia/ Erişim Tarihi: 28.03.2025.
  • Hu, B. (2014). Oil and gas cooperation between China and Central Asia in an environment of political and resource competition. Pet. Sci. 11, pp. 596–605. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12182-014-0377-7
  • Imomnazar, I. (2018). Impact of the “One Belt, One Road” project o the economy of Central Asian countries. The Business and Management Review, 9(3), pp. 396-403.
  • Kanapıyanova, Z. (2020). The US And Russian Policy Toward Central Asia In The Framework Of The Geopolitical Theory. Eurasian Research Journal, 2(2), pp. 55-68.
  • Kluczewska, K., & Silvan, K. (2024). Post-Soviet Dependence with Benefits? Critical Geopolitics of Belarus’s and Tajikistan’s Strategic Alignment with Russia. Geopolitics, pp. 1–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2024.2368621
  • Li, Y. (2018). The greater Eurasian partnership and the Belt and Road Initiative:Can the two be linked? Journal of Eurasian Studies, 9(2), pp. 94-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euras.2018.07.004
  • Lídl, V. (2022). China’s Energy Policy in Central Asia. In The Natural Gas Conundrum: Transformation of the Central Asian Energy Security Complex after 1991 pp. 68–95, Karolinum Press.
  • Lo, Bobo (2020), “The Sino‑Russian partnership and global order”, China International Strategy Review, 306-324.
  • Mackinder Halford, J. (1904). “The geographical Pivot of History”, The Geographical Journal, 23(4), pp. 421-437.
  • Manish, & Behera, A. (2024). China’s Belt and Road Projects in Central Asia. FIIB Business Review, 13(2), pp.143-154. https://doi.org/10.1177/23197145211042431
  • Mumınov, N. (2023). Comparative Analysis Of Russian, Turkish And Kazakh Eurasianism. Eurasian Research Journal, 5(2), pp. 7-18.
  • Myasnikovich, Mikhail (2022). “The Eurasian Economic Union: Today and Tomorrow”. The World of the New Economy. Vol. 16, No. 3’2022 pp. 20-36.
  • Nation, R. C. (2015). Russia and the Caucasus. Connections, 14(2), pp. 1–12.
  • Paszak, P. (2020). China and Russia in Central Asia – Rivalry or division of labor? Warsaw Institute. https://warsawinstitute.org/china-russia-central-asia-rivalry-division-labor/ Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Pettersen, T, (2016), https://www.thebarentsobserver.com/industry-and-energy/russia-loses-600-billion-on-sanctions-and-low-oil-prices/148262 Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Peyrouse, S. (2010). Military cooperation between China and Central Asia: Breakthrough, limits, and prospects. China Brief, 10(5), pp. 10-15.
  • Piedra, J. M. (2024). China’s exports to Central Asia are booming. Asia Times. https://asiatimes.com/2024/03/chinas-exports-to-central-asia-are-booming/ Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Pieper, Moritz, (2018). “Mapping Eurasia: Contrasting the Public Diplomacies of Russia’s ‘Greater Eurasia’ and China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative” Rising Powers Quarterly Volume 3, Issue 3 pp. 217-237.
  • Rice, Dana. (2023). An Overview of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and Its Development Since 2013. In: Mihr, A., Sorbello, P., Weiffen, B. (eds) Securitization and Democracy in Eurasia. Springer, pp. 255-266.
  • Rolland, N. (2019). A China–Russia Condominium over Eurasia. Survival, 61(1), pp. 7–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/00396338.2019.1568043
  • Serıkkalıyeva, A. (2019). The Role Of The Central Asian Region In China’s New Silk Road Economic Belt Project. Eurasian Research Journal, 1(1), pp. 66-81.
  • Shakhanova, G. & Garlick, J. (2020). The Belt and Road Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union: Exploring the “Greater Eurasian Partnership.” Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 49(1), pp. 33–57.
  • Sipri, (2021). Trends in International Arms Transfers, 2020, pp. 1-12.
  • Statista Research Department, (2023). https://www.statista.com/topics/7835/economy-of-russia/#topicHeader__wrapper Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Stronski, P., & Ng, N. (2018). Cooperation and competition: Russia and China in Central Asia, the Russian Far East, and the Arctic. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
  • Svetlicinii, Alexandr. (2018). China’s Belt and Road Initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union: “Integrating the Integrations”. Public Administration Issues, Special Issue (electronic edition), pp. 7–20.
  • Ubaidulloev, Zubaidullo, (2015). “The Russian-Soviet legacies in reshaping the national territories in Central Asia: A catastrophic case of Tajikistan”, Journal of Eurasian Studies, Volume 6, Issue 1, pp.79-87.
  • Uslu, N. (2024). The Central Asian Countries Relations with Russia and China: The Impact of Sensitivities, Dependencies, Threat Perceptions and Regional Organizations. Gazi Akademik Bakış, 17(34), pp. 21-42. https://doi.org/10.19060/gav.1498687
  • World Bank (2023). https://data.worldbank.org/country/RU Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • World Bank (2023). https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/russia Erişim Tarihi: 05.04.2025.
  • Yanık, L. K. (2019). Debating Eurasia: Political Travels of a Geographical Concept in Turkey. Uluslararası İlişkiler Dergisi, 16(63), pp. 33-50. https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.621290
  • Yılmaz, S. (2015). Yeni Avrasyacılık ve Rusya, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 16(34), pp. 111-120.
  • Yüce, M. (2022). Karadeniz: 2021 Gelişmeleri Işığında Bölgesel Değerlendirmeler, Ö. Tüfekçi & F. Kırbaşoğlu (Eds.), Geniş Karadeniz Havzası’nda Gelişen Çin-Rusya İş Birliği: Esnek ve Kırılgan İttifak Dönemi, pp. 435-454. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Soner Hamzaçebi 0000-0002-0946-4085

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 19 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Nisan 2025
Kabul Tarihi 18 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Hamzaçebi, S. (2025). Yeni Bölgeselcilik Bağlamında Avrasya’nın Ekonomi Politiği: Avrasya Ekonomi Birliği ve Kuşak Yol Girişimi’nin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 26(3), 601-614. https://doi.org/10.37880/cumuiibf.1678387
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